Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T19:46:49.907Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Psychometric evaluation of the Swedish version of the Person-Centered Care Assessment Tool (P-CAT)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 November 2011

Karin Sjögren ,
Marie Lindkvist ,
Per-Olof Sandman ,
Karin Zingmark  and
David Edvardsson
Karin Sjögren*
Affiliation:
Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
Marie Lindkvist
Affiliation:
Department of Statistics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden Epidemiology and Global Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
Per-Olof Sandman
Affiliation:
Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Division of Nursing, Karolinska institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Karin Zingmark
Affiliation:
Research Department, County Council of Norrbotten, Sweden
David Edvardsson
Affiliation:
Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden Division of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Karin Sjögren, Department of Nursing, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden. Phone: +46 90 786 92 47; Fax: +46 90 786 91 69. Email: [email protected].
Get access

Abstract

Background: Person-centered care is a multidimensional concept describing good care, especially within aged care and care for people with dementia. Research studies evaluating person-centered care interventions seldom use direct measurement of levels of person-centeredness. Existing scales that measure person-centeredness need further testing. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the Person-Centered Care Assessment Tool (P-CAT).

Methods: A cross-sectional sample of 1465 staff from 195 residential care units for older people in Sweden participated in the study. Validity, reliability, and discrimination ability of the scale were evaluated.

Results: Confirmatory factor analysis, parallel analysis and exploratory factor analysis supported the construct validity of a two-factor solution. Reliability and homogeneity were satisfactory for the whole P-CAT as demonstrated by a Cronbach's α of 0.75. Test-retest reliability showed temporal stability of the scale, and the discrimination ability of the scale was satisfactory.

Conclusion: The Swedish version of the P-CAT was found to be valid, reliable, and applicable for further use. Two subscales are recommended for the Swedish version.

Keywords

aged caredementiainstrument translationlong-term carenursing homespatient-centered careresidential facilities
Type
Research Article
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 24 , Issue 3 , March 2012 , pp. 406 - 415
Copyright
Copyright © International Psychogeriatric Association 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Brooker, D. (2003). What is person-centred care in dementia? Reviews in Clinical Gerontology, 13, 215–222.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brooker, D. J. and Surr, C. (2006). Dementia Care Mapping (DCM): initial validation of DCM 8 in UK field trials. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 21, 1018–1025.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chappell, N. L., Reid, R. C. and Gish, J. A. (2007). Staff-based measures of individualized care for persons with dementia in long-term care facilities. Dementia, 6, 527–547.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chenoweth, L. et al. (2009). Caring for Aged Dementia Care Resident Study (CADRES) of person-centred care, dementia-care mapping, and usual care in dementia: a cluster-randomised trial. Lancet Neurology, 8, 317–325.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coyle, J. and Williams, B. (2001). Valuing people as individuals: development of an instrument through a survey of person-centredness in secondary care. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 36, 450–459.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dewing, J. (2004). Concerns relating to the application of frameworks to promote person-centredness in nursing with older people. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 13, 39–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dilley, L. and Geboy, L. (2010). Staff perspectives on person-centered care in practice. Alzheimer's Care Today, 11, 172–185.Google Scholar
Edvardsson, D. and Innes, A. (2010). Measuring person-centered care: a critical comparative review of published tools. Gerontologist, 50, 834–846.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Edvardsson, D., Sandman, P. O. and Rasmussen, B. (2008a). Swedish language Person-centred Climate Questionnaire – patient version: construction and psychometric evaluation. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 63, 302–309.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Edvardsson, D., Winblad, B. and Sandman, P. O. (2008b). Person-centred care of people with severe Alzheimer's disease: current status and ways forward. Lancet Neurology, 7, 362–367.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Edvardsson, D., Sandman, P. O. and Rasmussen, B. (2009). Construction and psychometric evaluation of the Swedish language Person-centred Climate Questionnaire – staff version. Journal of Nursing Management, 17, 790–795.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Edvardsson, D., Fetherstonhaugh, D., Nay, R. and Gibson, S. (2010). Development and initial testing of the Person-centered Care Assessment Tool (P-CAT). International Psychogeriatrics, 22, 101–108.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fossey, J. et al. (2006). Effect of enhanced psychosocial care on antipsychotic use in nursing home residents with severe dementia: cluster randomised trial. BMJ, 332, 756–761.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kitwood, T. M. (1997). Dementia Reconsidered: The Person Comes First. Buckingham: Open University Press.Google Scholar
Lawton, M. P. (1986). Environment and Aging. Albany, NY: Center for the Study of Aging.Google Scholar
Lei, M. and Lomax, R. G. (2005). The effect of varying degrees of nonnormality in structural equation modeling. Structural Equation Modeling, 12, 1–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCormack, B. (2004). Person-centredness in gerontological nursing: an overview of the literature. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 13, 31–38.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McCormack, B. et al. (2010). Developing person-centred practice: nursing outcomes arising from changes to the care environment in residential settings for older people. International Journal of Older People Nursing, 5, 93–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCormack, B. and McCance, T. V. (2006). Development of a framework for person-centred nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 56, 472–479.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McKeown, J., Clarke, A., Ingleton, C., Ryan, T. and Repper, J. (2010). The use of life story work with people with dementia to enhance person-centred care. International Journal of Older People Nursing, 5, 148–158.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moniz Cook, E., Stokes, G. and Agar, S. (2003). Difficult behaviour and dementia in nursing homes: five cases of psychosocial intervention. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 10, 197–208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nunnally, J. C. and Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric Theory. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
O'Connor, B. P. (2000). SPSS and SAS programs for determining the number of components using parallel analysis and Velicer's MAP test. Behavior Research Methods Instruments and Computers, 32, 396–402.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Palese, A., Granzotto, D., Broll, M. G. and Carlesso, N. (2010). From health organization-centred standardization work process to a personhood-centred care process in an Italian nursing home: effectiveness on bowel elimination model. International Journal of Older People Nursing, 5, 179–187.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reid, R. C., Chappell, N. L. and Gish, J. A. (2007). Measuring family perceived involvement in individualized long-term care. Dementia, 6, 89–104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schweizer, K. (2010). Some guidelines concerning the modeling of traits and abilities in test construction. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 26, 1–2.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Slater, L. (2006). Person-centredness: a concept analysis. Contemporary Nurse, 23, 135–144.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Slater, P., McCormack, B. and Bunting, B. (2009). The development and pilot testing of an instrument to measure nurses’ working environment: the Nursing Context Index. Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, 6, 173–182.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sloane, P. D. et al. (2004). Effect of person-centered showering and the towel bath on bathing-associated aggression, agitation, and discomfort in nursing home residents with dementia: a randomized, controlled trial. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 52, 1795–1804.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Streiner, D. L. and Norman, G. R. (2008). Health Measurement Scales: A Practical Guide to their Development and Use. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, D. L., Newton-Curtis, L. and Lyons, K. S. (2008). Development and initial testing of a measure of person-directed care. Gerontologist, 48 (Special issue 1), 114–123.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed