Physicians and family members were compared on the roles played in surrogate decision-making and their views as to how choices should be made by surrogate decision-makers. Thirty-six family members of patients with Alzheimer's disease, 35 family members of patients with schizophrenia, and 34 physicians from a diversity of specialties were the respondents. There was general agreement that shared decision-making was preferred. Physicians seem to make surrogate decisions in accordance with contemporary views about their roles. Families believed they had a strong subjective appreciation of the patient's overall good. The burden of decision-making was geater for families, but that depended to some degree on the diagnosis of the patient.