When an ideal drug for any medical condition is sought, both its efficacy and safety need to be examined. For the treatment of the complex of symptoms that constitute the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), much of the literature has focused on antipsychotic agents, including both types of D2 blockers: the conventional neuroleptics and the newer atypical agents. Fewer studies have investigated other medications, such as anticonvulsants, benzodiazepines, betablockers, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and cholinergics.