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Clinical data in early intervention

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 July 2012

Siegfried Kasper
Siegfried Kasper*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Siegfried Kasper, Professor and Chairman, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18–20, A – 1090 Vienna, Austria. Phone: +43 1 40400-3568; Fax: +43 1 40400-3099. Email: [email protected].
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Abstract

Research into early intervention for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia has involved cohort data from large epidemiological studies and data from specifically designed intervention trials. Cohort data indicate that use of nootropics and Ginkgo biloba extract may be associated with a reduced incidence of dementia and death. Data from large trials have often been inconclusive due to issues with poor medication adherence. However, such trials do indicate potential benefits with Gingko biloba extract in terms of reduced incidence of dementia of the AD type, vascular dementia and mixed pathology, reduced progression in terms of the clinical dementia rating and improvements in attention and memory. Furthermore, Gingko biloba extract EGb 761® is a useful option for long-term intervention on the basis of decades of previous experience and an excellent safety record. However, benefits can be expected only with sufficient medication adherence and treatment duration, so clear evidence of a disease-modifying benefit of this extract is needed from adequately designed trials using modern methods to ensure high levels of adherence.

Keywords

adherenceAlzheimer's diseaseattentionclinical studiescohort studiesdementiaepidemiological studiesmemorysafety
Type
Research Article
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 24 , Supplement S1: The aging brain: current concepts, intervention strategies and the role of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 , August 2012 , pp. S41 - S45
Copyright
Copyright © International Psychogeriatric Association 2012

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