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Assessment of anxiety in older adults: psychometric properties and relationships with self-reported functional impairment

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 August 2019

Alyssa N. De Vito Open the ORCID record for Alyssa N. De Vito [Opens in a new window] ,
Matthew Calamia ,
Daniel Weitzner  and
John P. K. Bernstein
Alyssa N. De Vito*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA70803, USA
Matthew Calamia
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA70803, USA
Daniel Weitzner
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA70803, USA
John P. K. Bernstein
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA70803, USA
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Alyssa De Vito, Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, 236 Audubon Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA. Phone: 1+ (225) 578-2456. Fax: 1+ (225) 578-4125. Email: [email protected].
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Abstract

Objective:

The current study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of two geriatric anxiety measures: the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI) and the Geriatric Anxiety Scale (GAS). This study also aimed to determine the relationships of these measures with two measures of functional ability and impairment: the Barkley Functional Impairment Scale (BFIS) and the Everyday Cognition Scale (E-Cog).

Design:

Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were used to analyze the factor structures of the GAI and GAS in older adults. Tests for dependent correlations were used to examine the relationship between anxiety scales and functioning.

Setting:

Amazon’s Mechanical Turk

Participants:

348 participants (aged 55–85, M= 62.75 (4.8), 66.5% female) with no history of psychosis or traumatic brain injury.

Results:

CFAs supported the previously demonstrated bifactor solution for the GAI. For the GAS, the previously demonstrated three-factor model demonstrated a good-to-excellent fit. Given the high correlation between the cognitive and affective factors (r =.89), a bifactor solution was also tested. The bifactor model of the GAS was found to be primarily unidimensional. Tests for dependent correlations revealed that the GAS demonstrated stronger relationships with measures of self-reported functional impairment than the GAI.

Conclusions:

The current study provides further psychometric validation of the factor structure of two geriatric anxiety measures in an older adult sample. The results support previous work completed on the GAI and the GAS. The GAS was more strongly correlated with self-reported functional impairment than the GAI, which may reflect differences in content in the two measures.

Keywords

geriatric anxiety scalegeriatric anxiety inventoryolder adultspsychometric propertiesfunctional impairment
Type
Original Research Article
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 32 , Issue 4: Issue Theme: Serious Mental Illnesses in Older Adults , April 2020 , pp. 505 - 513
Copyright
© International Psychogeriatric Association 2019

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