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United Nations General Assembly Resolution on the Territorial Integrity of Ukraine

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Emily Crawford
Emily Crawford*
Affiliation:
Sydney Law School at the University of Sydney
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Extract

On March 27, 2014, the United Nations General Assembly adopted resolution 68/262 on the territorial integrity of Ukraine. The resolution was adopted in response to the March 16, 2014 referendum held in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and city of Sevastopol, and it affirmed the territorial integrity, unity, sovereignty, and political independence of Ukraine, calling on states to desist and refrain from actions that undermine the unity and territorial integrity of Ukraine.

Type
International Legal Materials
Information
International Legal Materials , Volume 53 , Issue 5 , October 2014 , pp. 927 - 932
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of International Law 2014

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References

* This text was reproduced and reformatted from the text available at the United Nations website (visited October 17, 2014), http://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/68/262.

1 G.A. Res. 68/262, U.N. Doc. A/RES/68/262 (Mar. 27, 2014) [hereinafter Res. 68/262], available at http://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/68/262.

2 Ukraine Drops EU Plans and Looks to Russia, Al Jazeera (Nov. 21, 2013, 6:15 PM), http://www.aljazeera.com/news/europe/2013/11/ukraine-drops-eu-plans-looks-russia-20131121145417227621.html.

3 Carmen, Fishwick, ‘We Were So Naive and Optimistic’: Ukraine Euromaidan Protesters Tell Us What’s Changed For Them , The Guardian (Mar. 4, 2014, 3:11 PM), http://www.theguardian. com/world/2014/mar/04/ukraine-crisis-protesters-kiev-euromaidanindependence-square Google Scholar.

4 Shaun, Walker, Ukraine’s Former PM Rallies Protesters after Yanukovych Flees Kiev , The Guardian (Feb. 23, 2014, 7:00 PM), http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/feb/22/ukraine-president-yanukovych-flees-kiev Google Scholar.

5 Id.

6 Harriet, Salem, Shaun, Walker, and Luke, Harding, Crimean Parliament Seized by Unknown Pro-Russian Gunmen , The Guardian (Feb. 28, 2014, 11:03 AM), http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/feb/27/crimean-parliament-seized-by-unknown-prorussian-gunmen Google Scholar.

7 Shaun, Walker, Harriet, Salem, and Paul, Gallagher, Ukraine PM Warns Of War As Russian Military Seizes Control In Crimea , The Guardian (Mar. 2, 2014, 3:17 PM), http://www.theguardian. com/world/2014/mar/01/ukraine-warns-russia-military-crimeaintervention-war Google Scholar.

8 Permanent Reps. of Russia, Ukraine, the U.K., & the U.S. to the U.N., Letter dated Dec. 7, 1994 from the Permanent Reps. of Russia, Ukraine, the U.K.&the U.S. to the U.N. addressed to the Secretary-General (Budapest Memorandum), U.N. Doc. A/49/765 (Dec. 19, 1994) [hereinafter Budapest Memorandum].

9 Statement by the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs Regarding Accusations of Russia’s Violation of its Obligations under the Budapest Memorandum of 5 December 1994 (Apr. 1, 2014), http://mid.ru/BDOMP/Brp_4.nsf/arh/B173CC77483EDEB944257CAF004E64C1?Open Document.

10 See Crimean Supreme Council Backs Referendum’s Rescheduling for Mar. 30, Kyiv Post (Mar. 3, 2014, 2:05 PM), http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/crimean-supreme-councilbacks-referendums-rescheduling-for-mar-30-338225.html.

11 See G.A. Res. 68/262, supra note 1, which notes “that the referendum held in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the City of Sevastopol on 16 March 2014 was not authorised by Ukraine.”

12 Ilya, Somin, Russian Government Agency Reveals Fraudulent Nature of the Crimean Referendum Results , The Washington Post (May 6, 2014), http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2014/05/06/russian-government-agencyreveals-fraudulent-nature-of-the-crimean-referendum-results/ Google Scholar.

13 Executive Order on Recognising Republic of Crimea, President Of Russia (Mar. 17, 2014, 10:30 PM), http://eng.kremlin.ru/news/6884.

14 Ukraine Crisis: Putin Signs Russia-Crimea Treaty, BBC News (Mar. 18, 2014, 12:20 PM), http://www.bbc.com/news/worldeurope-26630062; see also Vladimir Putin, Remarks on Treaty with Crimea, reprinted in Vladimir Putin, Russian President Putin’s Remarks on Treaty with Crimea, Council On Foreign Relations (Mar. 18, 2014), http://www.cfr.org/russian-federation/russianpresident-putins-remarks-treaty-crimea/p32612.

15 UN Security Council Action On Crimea Referendum Blocked, U.N. News Centre (Mar. 15, 2014), http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=47362#.U8XLwU2KDxM.

16 G.A. Res. 68/262, supra note 1.

17 Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe [OSCE], Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe: Final Act of Helsinki (Aug. 1, 1975), available at http://www.osce.org/mc/39501?download=true.

18 Budapest Memorandum, supra note 8.

19 The Treaty on Friendship, Cooperation and Partnership between Ukraine and the Russian Federation, Ukraine-Russ., May 31, 1997, U.N. Doc. A/52/174, annex I; Alma-Ata Declaration, Dec. 21, 1991, 31 I.L.M. 147 (1992).

20 Those States who voted for the resolution include Albania, Andorra, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Barbados, Belgium, Benin, Bhutan, Bulgaria, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kiribati, Kuwait, Latvia, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, New Zealand, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Samoa, San Marino, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Spain, South Korea, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, and the United States. See United Nations Bibliographic Information System, http://unbisnet.un.org:8080/ipac20/ipac.jsp?profile=voting&index=.VM&term= ares68262 (last visited Oct. 22, 2014) for the voting record.

21 See Christian Marxsen, Crimea’s Declaration of Independence, EJIL: TALK! (Mar. 18, 2014), http://www.ejiltalk.org/crimeasdeclaration-of-independence/.

22 APK [Crimean Parliament Adopted the Declaration of Independence of the ARC and Sevastopol], [The State Council of the Republic of Crimea] (Mar. 11, 2014), http://www.rada. crimea.ua/news/11_03_2014_1. See also Statement by the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs Regarding the Adoption of the Declaration of Independence of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol, The Ministry Of Foreign Affairs Of The Russian Federation (Mar. 11, 2014), http://www.mid.ru/bdomp/brp_4.nsf/e78a48070f128a7b43256999005bcbb3/4751d80fe6f93d0344257c 990062a08a!OpenDocument.

23 Accordance with International Law of the Unilateral Declaration of Independence in Respect of Kosovo (Request for Advisory Opinion), 2010 I.C.J. 403 (July 22).

24 Marxsen, supra note 21, at ¶ 81 (quoting the ICJ Advisory Opinion on Kosovo). See also Jure Vidmar, Crimea’s Referendum and Secession: Why it Resembles Northern Cyprus More than Kosovo, EJIL: Talk! (Mar. 20, 2014), http://www.ejiltalk.org/crimeas-referendum-and-secession-why-it-resembles-northerncyprus-more-than-kosovo/.

25 Russia Criticizes U.N. Resolution Condemning Crimea’s Secession, Reuters (Mar. 28, 2014, 5:15 PM), http://www. reuters.com/article/2014/03/28/us-ukraine-crisis-un-russiaidUSBREA2R0DA20140328.

26 Id.

27 See Nico, Krisch, Crimea and the Limits of International Law , EJIL: Talk! (Mar. 10, 2014), http://www.ejiltalk.org/crimeaand-the-limits-of-international-law/ Google Scholar.

28 See Chris, Borgen, The Crimea, Compliance, and the Constraint of International Law , Opinio Juris (Mar. 3, 2014), http://opiniojuris.org/2014/03/03/crimea-compliance-constraintinternational-law/ Google Scholar.

29 See MH17: Ukrainian Fighter Jet ‘Near’ Plane before Crash; Russian TV Blames CIA, The Sydney Morning Herald (July 22, 2014), http://www.smh.com.au/world/mh17-ukrainianfighter-jet-near-plane-before-crash-russian-tv-blames-cia-20140722-zvho8.html#ixzz389Vgb7hH.

1 A/49/765, annex I.

2 A/52/174, annex I.