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J. N. v. Staatssecretaris voor Veiligheid en Justitie (C.J.E.U.)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 November 2017

Lieneke Slingenberg
Lieneke Slingenberg*
Affiliation:
Associate Professor of Migration Law, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam.
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Extract

On February 15, 2016, the Grand Chamber of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU or the Court) delivered its preliminary ruling in a case about the detention of Mr. N. Mr. N. was detained pending the examination of his (fourth) asylum application and claimed that his detention was in violation of Article 5 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). Since his detention was provided for in relevant EU legislation, the question referred to the CJEU was about the validity of this EU legislation.

Type
International Legal Documents
Information
International Legal Materials , Volume 56 , Issue 5 , October 2017 , pp. 931 - 950
Copyright
Copyright © 2017 by The American Society of International Law 

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References

ENDNOTES

1 Case C-601/15 PPU, J. N. v. Staatssecretaris van Veiligheid en Justitie, Judgment (Grand Chamber), EU:C:2016:84 (CJEU Feb. 15, 2016).

2 Tampere European Council 15 and 16 October 1999, Presidency Conclusions, European Parliament at http://www.europarl.europa.eu/summits/tam_en.htm#c. See also Treaty of Amsterdam Amending the Treaty on European Union, the Treaties Establishing the European Communities and Certain Related Acts, Art. 73k, Oct. 2, 1997, O.J. C340/1.

3 Council Directive 2005/85/EC of 1 December 2005 on Minimum Standards on Procedures in Member States for Granting and Withdrawing Refugee Status, O.J. (L 326) 13.

4 Council Directive 2004/83/EC of 29 April 2004 on Minimum Standards for the Qualification and Status of Third Country Nationals or Stateless Persons as Refugees or as Persons Who Otherwise Need International Protection and the Content of the Protection Granted, O.J. (L 304) 12.

5 Council Directive 2003/9/EC of 27 January 2003 Laying Down Minimum Standards for the Reception of Asylum Seekers, O.J. (L31), 18.

6 Among others: Directive 2013/32/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2013 on Common Procedures for Granting and Withdrawing International Protection (recast), O.J. (L 180) 60; Directive 2011/95/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 December 2011 on Standards for the Qualification of Third-Country Nationals or Stateless Persons as Beneficiaries of International Protection, for a Uniform Status for Refugees or for Persons Eligible for Subsidiary Protection, and for the Content of the Protection Granted (recast), O.J. (L 337) 9; and Directive 2013/33/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2013 Laying Down Standards for the Reception of Applicants for International Protection (recast), O.J. (L 180) 96 [hereinafter Directive 2013/33].

7 Council Directive 2003/9/EC of 27 January 2003 Laying Down Minimum Standards for the Reception of Asylum Seekers, Art. 7(3), O.J. (L 31) 18.

8 Directive 2008/115/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on Common Standards and Procedures in Member States for Returning Illegally Staying Third-Country Nationals, O.J. (L 348) 98.

9 Case C-357/09 PPU, Said Shamilovich Kadzoev (Huchbarov), Judgment (Grand Chamber), 2009 ECR [I-11189] (CJEU Nov. 30, 2009); Case C-534/11, Mehmet Arslan v. Policie ČR, Krajské ředitelství policie Ústeckého kraje, odbor cizinecké policie, Judgment (Third Chamber), EU:C:2013:343 (CJEU May 30, 2013).

10 Directive 2013/33, supra note 6.

11 Id. Art. 8(1).

12 Id. Art. 8(2).

13 Id. Art. 10.

14 Id. Art. 8(4).

15 Id. Art. 8(3).

16 Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, Dec. 7, 2000 (2000 O.J. (C 364) 1) [hereinafter Charter of Fundamental Rights]. According to the Explanations relating to the Charter, the rights provided for in Article 6 thereof correspond to those guaranteed by Article 5 of the ECHR. The explanations relating to the Charter should, in accordance with the third subparagraph of Article 6(1) of the Treaty on European Union and Article 52(7) of the Charter, be taken into consideration for the purpose of interpreting the Charter. Article 52(3) of the Charter stipulates that insofar as this Charter contains rights that correspond to the ECHR, the meaning and scope of those rights shall be the same as those laid down by the said Convention.

17 J.N., supra note 1, ¶ 48.

18 Id. ¶ 58.

19 Id. ¶¶ 61–62.

20 Id. ¶ 63. The CJEU refers to the Recommendation of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe on Measures of Detention of Asylum Seekers of 16 April 2003 and on the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees' (UNHCR) Guidelines on Applicable Criteria and Standards Relating to the Detention of Asylum Seekers of 26 February 1999. Both instruments have been mentioned by the European Commission in the Explanatory Memorandum to the first proposal for Directive 2013/33 (Explanatory Memorandum to the Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council Laying Down Minimum Standards for the Reception of Asylum Seekers, COM (2008) 815 final), Dec. 3, 2008.

21 J. N., supra note 1, ¶¶ 64–65.

22 Id. ¶ 70.

23 Directive 2004/38/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on the Right of Citizens of the Union and Their Family Members to Move and Reside Freely Within the Territory of the Member States, O.J. (L 158) 77.

24 Case C-554/13, Z. Zh. tegen Staatssecretaris van Veiligheid en Justitie en Staatssecretaris van Veiligheid en Justitie tegen I. O, Judgment (Third Chamber), EU:C:2015:377 (CJEU Jun. 11, 2015).

25 Case C-373/13, H. T. v Land Baden-Württemberg, Judgment (First Chamber), EU:C:2015:413 (CJEU Jun. 24, 2015).

26 Charter of Fundamental Rights, supra note 16.

27 Nabil and Others v. Hungary, App. No. 62116/12, ¶ 29 (Eur. Ct. H.R. Sep. 22, 2015).

28 Id. ¶ 38.

29 J. N., supra note 1, ¶ 80.

30 Cf. the case comment of Galina Cornelisse to the J.N. case, published in Jurisprudentie Vreemdelingenrecht 2016/90.

31 Case C-18/16, K. v Staatssecretaris van Veiligheid en Justitie, Judgment (Fourth Chamber), EU:C:2017:680 (CJEU Sep. 14, 2017).

32 Steve Peers, Detention of Asylum-seekers: The First CJEU Judgment, EU Law Analysis (Mar. 9, 2016), at http://eulawanalysis.blogspot.nl/2016/03/detention-of-asylum-seekers-first-cjeu.html.