The fourth in the 1994 series of reports and papers released by the Academic Council on the United Nations System (ACUNS), the 36-page Evolving United Nations: Principles and Realities, by Johan Kaufmann, examines concepts enshrined in the United Nations Charter — conflict and peace-related activities, international economic and social cooperation, and human rights and humanitarian activities — and discusses them in terms of the realities and developments of the post-Cold War era. The author concludes that, while the UN must still be treated as an organization of states, the automaticity with which self-proclaimed states, with minimum international support, can become UN members must be challenged.