International Court of Justice — Interim Measures of Protection — Article 41 of the Statute — Interim Measures of Protection and Jurisdiction of the Court on the Merits.

State Succession — Effect on Private Rights — Currency of Successor State — Transfer of Sovereignty from Former Dutch East Indies to Indonesia.

Relationship of international law and municipal law — Conduct of foreign relations — Recognition of States and governments — Conclusiveness of recognition by the Executive — Extinction of State during proceedings — Discretion of United States courts to suspend proceedings pending recognition of successor State

States — Extinction of States — Effect in municipal law — Republic of South Vietnam — Conquest by North Vietnam — Effect on ability to maintain action in United States courts

States — Recognition — Effect of recognition and non-recognition — Effects in law of recognizing State — Extinction of State during proceedings — Non-recognition of successor State — Discretion of United States courts to suspend proceedings pending recognition of successor State

Recognition — States and governments — Conclusiveness of recognition by Executive — Effect in municipal law — The law of the United States

States — Sovereignty — Transfer of sovereignty — Joint Declaration between People’s Republic of China and United Kingdom, 1984 — Hong Kong due to revert to Chinese sovereignty on 1 July 1997 — Hong Kong ceasing to exist as British Colony — Establishment of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (“HKSAR”) — Article 8 of Basic Law of HKSAR providing for continued operation of laws in force before 1 July 1997

Extradition — Treaties — Agreement for the Surrender of Accused and Convicted Persons between the Government of Australia and the Government of Hong Kong, 1993 (“Surrender Agreement”) — Surrender Agreement providing for continued extradition relationship after resumption of Chinese sovereignty on 1 July 1997 — People’s Republic of China consenting to Surrender Agreement — Absence of bilateral extradition relationship between Australia and Poeple’s Republic of China — Extradition (Hong Kong) Regulations of 29 June 1997 (“1997 Regulations”) giving effect to Surrender Agreement in Australian law

Extradition — Treaties — Extradition Act 1988 (Cth) (“1988 Act”) — Proper construction of provisions — Section 12(1) requirement that application to extradite be made on behalf of an extradition country — Whether magistrate acting with authority conferred by Section 12(1) in issuing warrant for arrest of first respondent — Section 5 defining meaning of “extradition country” — Section 5(b)(ii) — Whether HKSAR a “territory” — Whether People’s Republic of China responsible for international relations of HKSAR — 1997 Regulations — Regulations 4 and 5 — Validity of operation of 1997 Regulations after 1 July 1997 — Whether sufficient identity between the “Hong Kong” identified in the 1997 Regulations and the HKSAR which came into being on 1 July 1997 — Role of courts in construing and applying legislation — Role of Executive — Relevance of statement in certificate issued by Minister for Foreign Affairs of Government of Australia

State succession — Treaties — Transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong from United Kingdom to People’s Republic of China — Establishment of HKSAR on 1 July 1997 — Classification of HKSAR — Whether “Hong Kong” in Regulation 4 of 1997 Regulations having same relevant identity after 1 July as HKSAR — Section 5(b)(ii) of 1988 Act — Whether HKSAR constituting “territory” within the meaning of Section 5 (b)(ii) — Whether HKSAR integral part of China — Whether People’s Republic of China responsible for international relations of HKSAR — Whether HKSAR an extradition country for purposes of 1988 Act — The law of Australia

War — Effects of Outbreak of — On Contracts — Trading with the Enemy — Separation Agreement between Husband and Wife — Wife Voluntarily Resident in Enemy Country — Agreed Maintenance Instalments Not Paid — Whether Agreement Abrogated or Suspended by War.

Jurisdiction — Territorial Limits of the State — Special Character of Officials Invested with Public Power.

International organizations — Personality — Concept of international legal personality — Rights of organization against members — Whether justiciable in a municipal court — Whether creditor entitled to the appointment of a receiver by way of equitable execution over assets of organization — Assets of organization said to include right of organization to be indemnified by its members — Sixth International Tin Agreement, 1982 — International Tin Council-United Kingdom Headquarters Agreement, 1972 — International Tin Council (Immunities and Privileges) Order 1972

Relationship between international law and municipal law — Treaties — Application — By municipal courts — Whether rights and duties of parties to treaty establishing international organization justiciable in the courts of a State party to the treaty — The law of England

International Court of Justice — Procedure of — Interpretation of Judgments of the Court — Conditions for Request for — Article 60 of the Statute.

Extradition — Procedure of — Request for Surrender of Convicted Criminal — Application for Provisional Release.

Aliens — Deportation of — Immigrant Convicted of Crime — Service of Deportation Order Without Previous Notice Thereof — Whether Order Invalid through Operation of audi alteram partem Rule — The Law of South Africa

States — Beginning of State Existence — Trial in Israel in respect of War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity Committed during Second World War.

War Crimes — Crimes Against Humanity — Crimes Against the Jewish People — National Group of Accused and National Group of Victims — London Charter of 1945 and Control Council Law No. 10 — Punishment by Israel of War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity.

Nationality — Loss of — Deprivation — Requirement of a Special Decree.

Diplomatic Immunities — In respect of Private Law Contracts Concluded by Diplomatic Agents on behalf of their States — Foreign States in their Private and Public Capacity.

Protectorates — Legislative System of Protected State — Exercise of Legislative Power in French Morocco.

Sovereign, immunity — Foreign States and public corporations — Agricultural co-operative — Loan agreement — Action for repayment — Whether co-operative entitled to jurisdictional immunity — Acts iure imperii and iure gestionis — Whether act to be classified according to nature or purpose — The law of Italy

Jurisdiction — Miscellaneous — Collisions — In Foreign Territorial Waters — The Law of Italy.

Diplomatic relations — Diplomatic agents — Immunity from jurisdiction — Object and purpose — Action by domestic servant employed at residence of diplomatic agent — Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, 1961, Article 31(1) — Whether employment of domestic servant a commercial activity — Relationship between Articles 31(1)(c) and 42 — Domestic servant a victim of trafficking — Diplomatic agent leaving position before hearing — Residual immunity under Article 39 — Immunity limited to acts performed in the exercise of official functions

Human rights — Prohibition of slavery — Trafficking in human beings — European Convention on Human Rights, Article 4 — United Nations Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children, 2000 (“the Palermo Protocol”) — Whether a norm of jus cogens — Whether overriding diplomatic immunity — Whether provisions of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, 1961 to be read in light of the Palermo Protocol

Treaties — Interpretation — Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, 1969, Articles 31 to 33 — Application to Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, 1961 — Text — Object and purpose — Travaux préparatoires — The law of the United Kingdom

British Dominions — Treaty-Making Power — Canada — Power to Implement Treaties in Matters not Expressly Reserved to the Federation.

Human rights — Freedom of expression — Press freedom — Injunction on distribution of magazine issue — Grounds for injunction — Applicability of international instruments — National security — Whether magazine article promoting war and inciting violence contrary to Act on Public Information and Constitutional Order

Relationship of international and municipal law — Treaties — International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966 — European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 1950 — Whether applicable — Whether restrictions on freedom of press contrary to international instruments — Whether national security valid ground for injunction — The law of Serbia

Enemy Character of Vessels — How far Determined by the Flag — Absence of Ship’s Papers — Hague Convention No. VI of October 18, 1907 — Days of Grace.