State responsibility — Nature and kinds of — For breaches of treaty obligations — Right to review of conviction by a higher tribunal according to law — International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966, Article 14(5) — Violation alleged in communication to United Nations Human Rights Committee — Lack of right to appeal for certain offences under Colombian security legislation 1978 — Whether right of appeal at discretion of State — Right of derogation in time of emergency

The individual in international law — In general — Human rights and freedoms — Right to review of conviction by a higher tribunal according to law — Lack of right of appeal for certain offences under security legislation — Whether phrase ‘according to law’ left discretion to State — Right of derogation in time of emergency — Procedure — International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966, Articles 4 and 14 — Optional Protocol — United Nations Human Rights Committee