Jurisdiction — Universal — Genocide — Genocide Convention, 1948, Articles I and VI — Whether permitting exercise of jurisdiction by national courts over crimes committed outside territory of forum State — Interpretation of Convention by reference to purpose of universal jurisdiction — Effect of Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, 1998

International criminal law — Genocide — Prohibition of genocide under customary international law and treaty law — Whether having status of jus cogens — Whether having erga omnes effect — Definition of genocide — Intent to destroy a group — Whether requiring intent to achieve physical destruction — Whether destruction of group as a social unit sufficient — Whether focus on group according to geographical boundaries included — Whether systematic expulsion amounting to intent to destroy a group — Whether such interpretation compatible with prohibition on retroactivity of criminal law contrary to International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966, Article 15 — The law of the Federal Republic of Germany