Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T12:20:36.146Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Toxicity of some insecticides to the grasshopper Zonocerus variegatus (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Julius I. Olaifa
Julius I. Olaifa
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, University of Ife, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Get access

Abstract

Twenty-one insecticides were tested for acute toxicity by surface film contact method against the grasshopper, Zonocerus variegatus (L.) in the laboratory. Decamethrin, cypermethrin, lindane o, o-diethyl(p-methyl sulfinyl) p′-phosphorothioate, and dieldrin were highly potent. Moderately potent insecticides were propoxur, bioallethrin, telodrin, isodrin, heptachlor and rotenone. A toxic symptom common to all potent insecticides in the female was the opening and closing of ovipositor valves which remained wide open at death. Five insecticides—dieldrin, telodrin, p, p′-DDT, chlorobenzilate, DMC and chlordimeform induced cannibalism among the treated females.

Résumé

Parmi les vingt-et-un insecticides examinés pom la toxicité intense par la methóde contact de la bande de la surface sur la santerelle Zonocerus variegatus (L.) an laboratoire, decamethrin, cypermethrin, lindane, o, o-diethyl (p-methyl sulfinyl) p′-phosphorothioate, et dieldrin étaient fort efficaces. Propoxur, bioallethrin, telodrin, isodrin, heptachlor et rotenone étaient efficaces avec modération. Un symptôme toxique commu a tous les insecticides efficases chez la femelle était l'ouverture et al fermeture des tubes de l'oviposteur qui restaient sovent grandes ouvertes à la mort. Cing insecticides, dieldrin, telodrin, p, p′-DDT, chlorobenzilate, DME, et chlordimeform ont prevequé du cannibalisme chez les femelles traitées.

Keywords

Zonocerus variegatusgrasshopperpotentovipositorLC50cannibalismZonocerus variegatusla sautevelleefficaceavipositeurLC50cannibalisme
Type
Research Article
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 7 , Issue 2 , April 1986 , pp. 135 - 138
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1986

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Abbotts, W. S. (1925) A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. J. econ. Ent. 18, 265–267.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
COPR (1977) Control of Zonocerus variegatus (L.) in Nigeria. Final Report and Recommendations. ODM Research Scheme R 2727.Google Scholar
Gratwick, M., Sillibourne, J. M. and Tew, R. P. (1965) The toxicity of insecticides to the larvae of moth Cydia pomonella (L.). Bull. ent. Res. 56, 367–388.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hameed, S. F. and Allen, J. G. (1976) Toxicity and persistence of some organophosphorus insecticides and permethrin on apple fruits for the control of codling moth Laspeyresia pomonella (L.) J. hort. Scl. 51, 105–115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
I.A.R. & T. (1979) Report on the Eighth Annual Conference on Package of Recommendations for Production of Food Crops in South Western Nigeria, pp. 48–56. Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, University of Ife, Ibadan, Nigeria.Google Scholar
Lund, A. E., Hollingworth, R. M. and Murdock, L. L. (1978) Formamidine pesticides: a novel mechanism of action on lepidopterous larvae. In Proceedings of the 4tK International Congress on Pesticides Chemistry, pp. 465–169. Zurich.Google Scholar
Matsumura, F. and Beeman, R. W. (1976) Biochemical and physiological effects of chlordimeform. Environ. Hlth Perspect. 14, 71–82.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
National Oil and Chemical Co. (1985) National Chemicals Agrochemicals, pp. 1–6. National Oil and Chemical Co., Lagos, Nigeria.Google Scholar
Okere, A. N. (1980) Studies on the biology of Zonocerus variegatus. Ph.D. thesis, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.Google Scholar
O'Meara, G. F. and Evans, D. G. (1973) Blood-feeding requirements of the mosquito: geographical variation in Aedes taeniorhynchus. Science 180, 1291–1293.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Page, W. W., Harris, J. R. W. and Youdeowei, A. (1980) Defoliation and consequent crop loss in cassava caused by the grasshopper Zonocerus variegatus (L.). (Orthop-tera: Pyrgomorphidae) in southern Nigeria. Bull. ent. Res. 70, 151–163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ross, E. S. (1984) Mantids the praying predators. Nat. Geogr. 165, 268–280.Google Scholar
Swaroop, S., Gilroy, A. B. and Vemura, K. (1966) Statistical methods in malaria eradication. W.H.O. Monograph Series No. 51. W.H.O., Geneva.Google Scholar
Afolabi, Toye S. (1982) Studies on the biology of the grasshopper pest Zonocerus variegatus (L.) (Orthopera: Pyrgomorphidae) in Nigeria: 1911–1981. Insect Set. Applic. 3, 1–7.Google Scholar
Wiswesser, E. J. (1976) Pesticide Index. Entomological Society of America.CrossRefGoogle Scholar