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Studies on induction of larval diapause in a Nigerian strain of Plodia interpunctella (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

George N. Mbata
George N. Mbata
Affiliation:
Entomology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Abstract

Laboratory studies were carried out to determine factors which induce larval diapause in a Nigerian strain of Plodia interpunctella.

Larvae reared at constant temperatures of 20 or 30°C did not enter diapause. However, 13.3 and 37.7% respectively of larvae reared for 8 or 12 days (third or fourth instars) at 30°C and then transferred to 20°C entered diapause. Larvae transferred to 20°C immediately after hatch (first instar) and after 16 days (final instar) did not enter diapause. Developmental periods from egg-hatch to adult of diapausing individuals ranged from 136 to 151 days, while those of non-diapausing individuals reared at constant temperatures of 30 and 20°C ranged from 23 to 34 days and 60 to 72 days, respectively.

Different photoperiods did not induce diapause when reared at constant temperatures but exposure of larvae that experienced a drop in temperature from 30 to 20°C, at 4th instar stage to continuous light or to a long photoperiod (light 16 hr: dark 8 hr) caused a drop in the percentage larvae that diapaused.

Larvae reared at high larval density at 30°C did not enter diapause, and increased mortality was observed.

Résumé

Des études de laboratoire furent entreprises afin de determiner les facteurs qui produisent la diapause larvale dans l'espèce nigériane de Plodia interpunctella.

Les larves produites à des températures de 20°C ou 30°C n'ont pas subi de diapause. Néanmoins, 33, 3% et 37, 7% respectivement de larves cultivées pendant 8 et 12 jours (3 ème et 4 ème étapes) à 30% et puis transférées immédiatement après éclosion (1ère étape) n'ont pas subi la diapause.

Ces moments de développement de l'éclosion de l'oeuf à l'âge adulte des individus en diapause variaient entre 136 et 151 jours tandis que ceux des individus (pas en diapause) cultivés à des températures constantes de 30 et 20°C variaient entre 23 et 34 jours, et entre 60 et 72 jours respectivement.

Les différents moments de laour n'ont pas provoqué la diapause à des températures constantes mais l'exposition des larves qui ont subi la chute de température de 30 à 20°C au niveau de la 4 éme étape à une lumière continue ou à un long moment de lueur (16 heures de lumière: 8 heures de ténèbres) ont résulté à une chute dans le pourcentage des larves qui ont diapausé. Les larves se manifestant à un haut degré, à 30°C n'ont pas subi de diapause, et la mortalité accrue était observée.

Keywords

Plodiadiapauselarvaetemperaturephotoperiod
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 8 , Issue 3 , June 1987 , pp. 317 - 322
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1987

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