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Stemborer research in Zimbabwe: Prospects for the establishment of Cotesia flavipes Cameron

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

P. Chinwada ,
C. O. Omwega  and
W. A. Overholt
P. Chinwada
Affiliation:
Plant Protection Research Institute, P.O. Box CY 500 Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe
C. O. Omwega
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
W. A. Overholt
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
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Abstract

The stemborers Busseola fusca (Fuller) and Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) cause the highest economic damage to maize and sorghum in Zimbabwe. A number of studies on stemborer bioecology and management in Zimbabwe have been conducted, but most are still incomplete. The more important of these are studies on life history, incidence and distribution patterns, host plants, yield losses, chemical control, cultural control, host plant resistance, the use of sex pheromones, and biological control. These are discussed here in detail, and areas where further research is needed are pointed out. As part of an integrated strategy for managing stemborers in Zimbabwe, an exotic braconid larval parasitoid, Cotesia flavipes Cameron, has been released in the lowveld area and prospects for its establishment appear to be good. However, this establishment might be curtailed mainly by the inability of Co. flavipes to adapt to the seasonal carryover mechanisms utilised by the indigenous Cotesia sesamiae (Cameron).

Résumé

Les foreurs Busseola fusca (Fuller) et Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) causent les plus grands dégâts économiques sur maïs et sorgho au Zimbabwe. A certain nombre d'études ont été menées sur la bio-écology et la gestion des foreurs au Zimbabwe, mais plusieurs sont encore inachevées. Les plus importantes d'entre elles sont: l'étude des cycles de vie, l'incidence et le mode de répartition, les plantes hôtes, les pertes de récoltes, la lutte chimique, les pratiques culturales, la résistance des plantes, l'utilisation de phéromones sexuels et la lutte biologique. Ces études sont discutées en détails dans cet article et les aspects nécessitant des études plus approfondies sont soulignées. Dans le cadre d'une strategie intégrée de la gestion des foreurs au Zimbabwe, un parasitoïde larvaire exotique, Cotesia flavipes Cameron, a été lâché dans la région de basse altitude et les possibilities d'acclimation semblent être excellents. Toutefois, cette acclimatation pourrait être limitée par l'inabilité de Co. flavipes à s'adapter aux mechanisms de passages saisoniers, utilisés par le parasitoïde local Cotesia sesamiae (Cameron).

Keywords

stemborersChilo partellusparasitoidsCotesia flavipesCotesia sesamiaebiological controllowveldZimbabweforeursChilo partellusparasitoïdesCotesia flavipesCotesia sesamiaelutte biologiquebasse altitudeZimbabwe
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 21 , Issue 4 , December 2001 , pp. 327 - 334
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2001

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