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Sources and mechanisms of resistance to sorghum head bug, Eurystylus immaculatus Odh. in West Africa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

H. C. Sharma ,
Y. O. Doumbia ,
M. Haidara ,
J. F. Scheuring ,
K. V. Ramaiah  and
N. F. Beninati
H. C. Sharma
Affiliation:
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, A.P. 502 324, India
Y. O. Doumbia
Affiliation:
Institut d'Economie Rurale, Station de Recherches sur les Cultures Vivrieres et Oleagineuse, B.P. 438, Sotuba, Mali
M. Haidara
Affiliation:
Institut d'Economie Rurale, Station de Recherches sur les Cultures Vivrieres et Oleagineuse, B.P. 438, Sotuba, Mali
J. F. Scheuring
Affiliation:
Institut d'Economie Rurale, Station de Recherches sur les Cultures Vivrieres et Oleagineuse, B.P. 438, Sotuba, Mali
K. V. Ramaiah
Affiliation:
West African Sorghum Improvement Program, ICRISAT, Bamako, Mali
N. F. Beninati
Affiliation:
Institut d'Economie Rurale, Station de Recherches sur les Cultures Vivrieres et Oleagineuse, B.P. 438, Sotuba, Mali
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Abstract

Sorghum is one of the most important cereal crops in West Africa, and the head bug, Eurystylus immaculatus Odh. (Hemiptera: Miridae) is the key pest of grain sorghum in this region. A range of sorghum genotypes were evaluated for resistance to sorghum head bug at Sotuba (Mali) and Kamboinse (Burkina Faso). Genotypes CSM 388, IS 14332, Malisor 84–7, Sakoika, S 29 and Kamboinse local were resistant to head bugs, both under natural and headcage screening. Head bug resistant genotypes had a lower percentage of head bug damaged grain. The food quality of head bug damaged grain was very poor and unacceptable.

Cultivar non-preference was identified as a component of resistance to head bugs, and CSM 388 was nonpreferred compared to E 35–1. Panicle compactness was positively associated with head bug numbers and grain damage. However, genotypes with loose panicles were also susceptible to bugs. Long glumes (>5 mm), days to glume opening (>20 days after anthesis), >50% covering of the grain by the glumes, and grain hardness contribute towards resistance to Eurystylus immaculatus. This information will be useful for developing a programme to breed for resistance to this insect in West Africa.

Résumé

Divers génotypes de sorgho ont été évalués pour la résistance à la punaise des panicules du sorgho, Eurystylus immaculatus Odh. à Sotuba (Mali) et a Kamboinsé (Burkina Faso). Lés génotypes CSM 388, IS 14332, Malisor 84–7, Sakoika, S 29 et Kamboinsé local étaient relativement résistants aux punaises en criblage naturel ou en cage. Les génotypes résistants à la punaise avaient un pour centage moins élevé de graines endommagées par les punaises. La qualité alimentaire des graines endommagées était trés faible et inacceptable.

La non préférence des cultivars était identifiée comme une composante de la résistance aux punaises. Le CSM 388 était non préféré par rapport au E 35–1. La densité de la panicule était positivement associée avec les nombres de punaises et les dégâts aux graines. Cependant, les génotypes avec des panicules lâches étaient également susceptibles aux punaises. Les glumes longues (>5 mm), le nombre de jours à l'ouverture des glumes (>20 jours après l'anthese), >50% de couverture de la graine par les glumes, ainsi que la dureté de la graine contribuent à la résistance à Eurystylus.

Keywords

Eurystylus immaculatusMiridaesorghumhost-plant resistancemechanisms of resistancehead bugs
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 15 , Issue 1 , February 1994 , pp. 39 - 48
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1994

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References

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