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Some aspects of the biology and control of the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) on bambara groundnut and cowpea

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

J. Allotey  and
J. A. Dankwah
J. Allotey
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Ghana, P.O. Box 67, Legon, Ghana
J. A. Dankwah
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Ghana, P.O. Box 67, Legon, Ghana
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Abstract

Some aspects of the biology of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) on three varieties of bambara groundnut, Voandzeia subterranea (L.) Thou and a local brown cowpea variety, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp were studied under ambient laboratory conditions. Egg hatchability of C. maculatus was above 90% on all the legume varieties. The mean developmental period of C. maculatus ranged from 23.7 days on cowpea to 28.5 days on the Piele kargu variety of groundnut. The percent emergence of C. maculatus ranged from 61.1% on var. Piele kargu to 89.5% on var. Piele balgu. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between the damage caused to the brown cowpea and the bambara groundnut varieties. However, there were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in damage among the three groundnut varieties. In experiments to assess the insecticidal potential of three plant materials against C. maculatus, Azadirachta indica (neem) seed powder showed a higher efficacy than both Citrus sinensis peel powder and the powder of Chromolaena odorata leaves. At 1.0 g per 40 g of legume seed, it was twice as effective as Ci. sinensis and Ch. odorata over a period of 40 days.

Résumé

Quelques aspects de la biologie de Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) ont été étudiés sur 3 variétés de vouandzou bambara, Voandzeia subterranea (L.) Thou et sur une variété locale brune de niébé, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp dans les conditions ambientes de laboratoire. La capacité de ponte de Callosobruchus maculatus a été au dessus de 90% sur toutes les variétés de légumes. La période moyenne de développement de Callosobruchus maculatus se situait entre 23,7 jours pour le niébé et 28,5 jours pour la variété Piele kargu de vouandzou. Le pourcentage d'émergence de Callosobruchus maculatus se situait entre 61,1% pour la variété Piele kargu et 89,5% pour la variété Piele balgu. Une différence significative (P < 0,05) a été observée entre les domages causés à la variété de niébé et à celles de vouandzou bambara. Cependant, aucune différence significative n'a été notée (P > 0,05) concernant les domages parmi les 3 variétés de vouandzou. Lors d'essais pour évaluer le potentiel insecticide de 3 matériaux végétaux, de la poudre de graine d'Azadirachta indica a montré une plus grande efficacité par rapport à la poudre de la peau de Citrus sinensis et à celle des feuilles de Chromolaena odorata pour une période de 40 jours à 1,0 gr par 40 gr de graine de légume, A. indica a été 2 fois plus efficace que Ci. sinensis et Ch. odorata contre Callosobruchus maculatus.

Keywords

Callosobruchus maculatuscowpea weevildevelopmental periodAzadirachta indicaCitrus sinensisChromolaena odoratacowpeabambara groundnutstored product damageCallosobruchus maculatuspériode de développementAzadirachta indicaCitrus sinensisChromolaena odorataniébévouandzou bambaradégâts aux denrées stockées
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 16 , Issue 2 , June 1995 , pp. 223 - 228
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1995

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