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Seed and pod resistance to Callosobruchus Maculatus among Various Vigna Species

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

L.W. Kitch  and
R. E. Shade
L.W. Kitch
Affiliation:
Purdue University, Department of Entomology, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907–1158, USA
R. E. Shade
Affiliation:
Purdue University, Department of Entomology, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907–1158, USA
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Abstract

Accessions of Vigna vexillata, Vigna oblongifolia, and Vigna unguiculata (subspecies unguiculata, dekindtiana, and pubescens) were evaluated under laboratory conditions to identify sources of seed and/or pod resistance to the cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculates. TVnu 37 and TVnu 88 (V. oblongifolia) and TVnu 72 (V. vexillata) possessed high levels of seed resistance. On mature, dry pods, seventeen-fold differences in mean eggs laid/cm2 were observed, suggesting that ovipositional nonpreference could be a practical form of resistance to C. maculatus. In infested pods, pre-establishment larval mortality (mortality before larvae become established in seeds) varied among accessions, ranging from 19.3% in N1 778 (cv-gr. Biflora) to 91.3% in NI 816 (cv-gr. Textilis). The total percentage larval mortality in infested pods ranged from 34.6% in TN 88–63 (V. unguiculata) to 100% in TVnu 72 (V. vexillata) and NI 816 (cv-gr. Textilis) with the majority of accessions producing over 80% mortality. Higher levels and more durable forms of bruchid resistance might be achieved by combining seed and pod resistance.

Résumé

Des populations naturelles répertoriées (accessions) de Vigna vexillata, Vigna oblongifolia et de Vigna unguiculata (sous-espèces unguiculata, dekindtiana et pubescens) ont été évaluées en laboratoire afin d'identifier des sources de résistance des graines et/ou des gousses a la bruche de niébé, Callosobruchus maculatus. Les graines des accession TVnu 37, TVnu 88 (V. oblongifolia) et TVnu 72 (V. vexillata) possèdent une forte résistance contre cet agent. Chez certaines accessions le nombre d'oeufs pondus par cm2 était 17 fois plus élevé que chez d'autres, ce qui permet de suggérer qu'une réaction d'inhibition de la ponte pourrait être une forme de résistance contre C. maculatus. Dans les graines contaminées, la mortalité larvaire précédant I'infection des graines varie selon les accessions, de 19,3% chez I'accession N1 778 (cv-gr. Biflora) a 91,3% chez I'accession NI816 (cv-gr. Textilis). Le pourcentage global de mortalité larvaire dans les gousses contaminées va de 34,6% chez I'accession TN 88–63 (V. unguiculata) a 100% chez les accessions TVnu 72 (V. vexillata) et NI 88–63 (V. unguiculata) a 100% chez les accessions TVnu 72 (V. vexillata) et NI 816 (cv-gr. Textilis) ets' élève à plus de 80% chez la majorité des accession. Des formes plus durables et un taux plus élève de résistance a la bruche pourraient être obtenus en combinant des aptitudes de résistance des graines et des gousses.

Keywords

Callosobruchus maculatus (F.)Vigna unguiculata (L.) Warpersoviposition preferencepod resistanceseed resistanceCallosobruchus maculatus (F.)Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walpersinhibition de la ponteresistance des goussesresistance des graines
Type
Research Artilces
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 14 , Issue 3 , June 1993 , pp. 333 - 341
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1993

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