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The role of host-plant resistance in pest management in sorghum in india*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

K. Leuschner ,
S. L. Taneja  and
H. C. Sharma
K. Leuschner
Affiliation:
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru PO, Andhra Pradesh 502 324, India
S. L. Taneja
Affiliation:
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru PO, Andhra Pradesh 502 324, India
H. C. Sharma
Affiliation:
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru PO, Andhra Pradesh 502 324, India
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Abstract

The paper stresses the fact that an integrated pest management system is not a new concept leading to a more stable agroecosystem, but was practiced by the farmers for centuries; host-plant resistance is one of its major components. The system was destabilized by the introduction of new sorghum varieties and hybrids not resistant against the major sorghum insect pests like shootfly Atherigona soccata (Rondani); stem borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe); midge, Contarinia sorghicola (Coquillet); and headbugs, Calocoris angustatus (Lethiery). In order to balance the agroecosystem again, an integrated insect pest management system for sorghum has to be developed based on traditional pest management practices. These are host-plant resistance, cultural control and biological control. Insecticides should be used only if absolutely necessary. For a better understanding of such a control approach, a summary of the biology and population dynamics of the major insects is given, together with a brief account on the levels and mechanisms of host-plant resistance so far known. Based on this information, the rainfall pattern, plant duration to maturity, time of planting, natural enemies and insecticides, a sorghum based integrated pest management system is proposed for the monsoon and post-monsoon season in which host-plant resistance alone or in combination with the above mentioned control methods could be used.

Résumé

L'article souligne qu'un système intégré de contrôle des insectes n'est pas un nouveau concept conduisant à un agroécosystème plus stable, mais qu'il a été pratiqué pendant des siècles, par des agriculteurs, la résistance de la plante hôte est un de ses composés majeurs. Le système a été déstabilisé par l'introduction de nouvelles variétés de sorgho et des hybrides non résistant aux insectes majeurs nuisibles au sorgho tels que Atherigona soccata (Rondani), le Chilo partellus (Swinhoe), le Contarinia sorghicola (coquillet) et les Calocoris angustatus (Lethiery). Pour réequilibrer l'agroécosystème, un système intégré de contrôle des insectus nuisibles au sorgho doit être développé, basé sur les pratiques traditionelles de contrôle des insectus suivantes; résistance de la plante hôte, contrôle cultural, contrôle biologique. Les insecticides ne doivent être utilisés que quand c'est absolument nécessaire. Pour une meilleure compréhension d'une telle approche, un résumé des dynamiques de la biologie et de la population des insectes importants est donné avec un text bref expliquant les niveaux et mecanismes connus de la résistance de la plante hôte. Sur la base de ces informations, les types de précipitations, la période avant maturité, moment de la plantation, les ennemis naturels et les insecticides, un système intégré de contrôle des insectes nuisibles au sorgho est proposé pour la mousson et la saison suivant la mousson dans lequel la résistance de la plante hôte seule ou en combinaison avec les méthodes de contrôle citées plus haut pourrait être utilisé.

Keywords

Sorghum shootflystem borermidgeheadbugshost-plant resistanceintegrated pest managementIndiaAtherigona soccata (Rondani)Chilo partellus (Swinhoe)Contarinia sorghicola (Coquillet)Calocoris angustatus (Lethiery)résistance de la plante hôtecontrôle intégré des insectesInde
Type
Section VI: Host plant resistance and pest management
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 6 , Special Issue 3: Host Plant Resistance and its Significance in Pest Management , June 1985 , pp. 453 - 460
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1985

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References

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