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Resistance of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) to Sahlbergella singularis (Hemiptera: Miridae): investigation of antixenosis, antibiosis and tolerance

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 December 2008

K.F. N'Guessan ,
J.A.K. N'Goran  and
A.B. Eskes
K.F. N'Guessan*
Affiliation:
CNRA, BP 808, Divo, Côte d'Ivoire
J.A.K. N'Goran
Affiliation:
CNRA, 01BP 1740, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire:
A.B. Eskes
Affiliation:
CIRAD-CP, BP 5035, 34032Montpellier, France
*
*E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Cacao genotypes of various origins were evaluated for resistance to the cocoa mirid (Sahlbergella singularis (Haglund)) based on field damage, antixenosis, antibiosis and tolerance. Field damage was assessed by scoring recent and cumulative damage by the mirid to the major genetic groups of cacao. Antixenosis assessment was based on the number of feeding lesions on twig segments using a choice test. Antibiosis was measured through survival of young mirid nymphs on shoots and pods, whereas tolerance was assessed through the reaction of the twigs to mirid feeding punctures. Among the genetic groups of cocoa, the Upper Amazon, the materials from Guiana and hybrid genotypes were the least damaged by the mirids, both for recent and cumulative damage. The Catongo group was, by far, the most susceptible group with more than 50% of the canopy showing both recent dieback and cumulative canker damage. With regard to antixenosis, antibiosis and tolerance, significant differences (P < 0.05) were found between the genotypes. The least preferred clones sustained between 2 and 3 lesions compared with the most preferred ones with 6–8 lesions per twig segment. Clones UPA402, T79/501 and IMC67 gave the lowest rate of mirid nymph survival, indicating that they exhibit antibiosis. The clones PA107, SCA6 and C151-61 sustained high numbers of mirid feeding lesions and relatively high levels of shoot death, but have a good ability for re-growth and can be considered as tolerant genotypes.

Keywords

cocoamiridSahlbergella singularisantixenosisantibiosistolerance
Type
Research Paper
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 28 , Issue 4 , December 2008 , pp. 201 - 210
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2009

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