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Recent population trends of Chilo suppressalis in temperate and sub-tropical Asia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Keizi Kiritani
Keizi Kiritani
Affiliation:
Food and Fertilizer Technology Center for The Asian and Pacific Region, 5th Fl. 14 Wenchow St., Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Abstract

Population trends of Chilo suppressalis during the past 20–35 years in Japan, Korea and Taiwan were compared in terms of light trap records and the area infested by Chilo. In all three countries, Chilo showed a declining population trend, first observed in the late 1950s in Japan, followed by the same pattern in Taiwan and Korea, successively. Among the contributing factors, the early planting of rice was suggested as one common factor. This early planting of rice is also followed by, or associated with, various agronomic practices, e.g. the use of varieties with a larger number of tillers, more intensive pesticide control, early harvesting, the mechanization of agricultural practices, etc. An integrated technology system based on early planting was considered the primary factor responsible for the recent decrease in Chilo. The increased utilization of machinery in rice production will encourage a further decline in Chilo in this region. Local and small scale outbreaks of Chilo were observed in all three countries, due to the widespread use of straw for the culture of special crops. However, so long as the current production system remains the same, there is no scope for Chilo's revival.

Résumé

L'évolution récente de la population de Chilo suppressalis pendant les 20–30 ans au Japon, en Corée et à Taiwan étaient comparée en termes de record de capture et de la zone infestée par la Chilo. Dans tous les trois pays, la population de Chilo tend à décliner: cette observation a été faite premièrement vers les années cinquante au Japon et puis respectivement à Taiwan et en Corée. Parmi les facteurs qui ont contribué à ce résultat figure le fait de planter le riz plus tôt. Ce facteur est suivi ou associé avec des pratiques agronomiques variées, par exemple l'utilisation des variétés qui gerbent bien (avec beaucoup de pailles), le contrôle plus intensif des pesticides, la récolte prématurée, la mécanisation des pratiques agricoles, etc. Un système intégré de technologie basé sur la plantation de riz un peu avant la saison a été considéré comme le facteur le plus important dans la diminution récente du Chilo. L'utilisation accrue de la machinerie dans la production de riz encourage davantage le déclin du Chilo dans cette région. De petites apparitions du Chilo au niveau local ont été observées dans ces trois pays, ceci est dû à l'utilisation répandue de la paille pour la culture de certaines plantes. Donc aussi longtemps que le système de production reste le même, il n'y a pas beaucoup d'espoir pour la survie du Chilo.

Keywords

Decline of Chilorice borersearly plantingIPMChilo suppressalisInsectes térébrants de rizplanter tôtIPMChilo suppressalis
Type
Taxonomy, Distribution, Population Ecology, Dynamics and Crop Losses
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 11 , Special Issue 4-5: Tropical Stem Borers of Graminaceous Crops: A New Synthesis , October 1990 , pp. 555 - 562
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1990

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