Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T11:43:59.541Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Potential of Neem Azadirachta Indica A. Juss. for Controlling Post-Flowering Pests of Cowpea, Vigna Unguiculata Walp—I. The Pod Borer, Maruca Testulalis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

L. E. N. Jackai  and
I. O. Oyediran
L. E. N. Jackai
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, P. M. B. 5320, Oyo Road, Ibadan, Nigeria
I. O. Oyediran
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, P. M. B. 5320, Oyo Road, Ibadan, Nigeria
Get access

Abstract

Neem oil (NO), and different formulations of neem oil in a solution of Tetrapleura tetraptera as emulsifier, including neem oil emulsifiable concentrate (NOEC), neem oil slurry emulsifiable concentrate (NOSEC) and 5% NOEC obtained from the seeds of the neem plant, were tested for their efficacy in the control of Maruca testulalis Geyer, under laboratory conditions using flowers of Ife Brown, cowpea variety.

The different concentrations of NOEC (5, 10 and 20%) exhibited a high degree of insecticidal activity on M. testulalis larvae. All the treated flowers were protected from larval damage 2 days after treatment as compared to the 100% damage recorded on untreated flowers and on the flowers treated with T. tetraptera solution alone.

The NOSEC and the 5% NOEC prepared using different volumes of the emulsifier also exhibited some insecticidal activity which decreased with a decrease in concentration. NO/NOEC were superior to NOSEC and the 5% NOEC prepared in different volumes of the emulsifier.

Résumé

L'effet insecticide ainsi que les méchanismes inhibitifs de l'alimentation des insectes présentés par des produits naturels, dérivés essentiellement d'huile de nim (HN), on été testés au laboratoire sur Maruca testulalis, un ravageur important de la post-floraison du nièbé. Il s'agit de concentrés émulsifiables d'huile de nim (CEHN), de concentrés emulsifiables à base de bouillie d'huile de nim (CEBHN) et de CEHN à 5%, préparé dans différentes concentrations d'une solution de Tetrapleura tetraptera (émulsifiant). Les fleurs de la variété améliorée Ife Brown ont été utilisée pour cette étude.

Les différentes concentrations de CEHN testées (5, 10 et 20%) ont eu un effet inhibitif prononcé sur les larves de M. testulalis. Deux jours après le traitement, toutes les feuilles traitées étaient exemptes de dégâts par Maruca testulalis contre 100% de déprédation chez le témoin (fleurs non traitées) et les fleurs traitées avec la solution de T. tetraptera.

Un certain degré d'activité insecticide a également été observé après la pulvérisation de concentrés émulsifiables à base de bouillie d'huile de nim (CEBHN) et de CEHN à 5% dans différentes concentrations d'émulsifiant.

Toutefois, l'activitié insecticide de ces deux produits faiblissait au fur et à mesure que leur concentration diminuait.

Cette étude a mis en lumière la supériorité de HN/CEHN par rapport au CEBHN et au CEHN à 5% préparé dans différentes concentrations d'émulsifiant.

Keywords

Neem oilneem oil emulsifiable concentrateneem oil slurry emulsifiable concentrateTetrapleura tetrapteraemulsifierMaruca testulalis
Type
Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 12 , Issue 1-2-3: Current Topics in Tropical Entomology , June 1991 , pp. 103 - 109
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1991

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Adewumi, C. O. and Adesogan, E. K. (1986) Toxicology of some Nigerian plants used in Schistosomiasis control. I. The effect of molluscicides on molluscan hearts. Fitoterapia LVII 50, 353–358.Google Scholar
Asante, G. I. (1985) The extraction of neem seed oil and the possible use of cake as fertilizer. B.Sc. Dissertation, University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.Google Scholar
Cobbinah, J. R. and Osei-Owusu, K. (1988) Effects of neem seed extracts on insect pests of egg plant okra and cowpea. Insect Sci. Applic. 9, 601–607.Google Scholar
Gill, J. S. and Lewis, C. T. (1971) Systemic action of an insect feeding deterrent. Nature, (London) 232, 402–403.Google Scholar
Ivbijaro, M. F. (1983) Preservation of cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp, with the neem seed Azadiracta indica A. Juss. Prot. Ecol. 5, 177–182.Google Scholar
Iwuala, M. O. E., Osisiogwu, I. U. W. and Agbakwuru, E. U. P. (1981) Dennetia oil, a potential new insecticide; tests with adults and nymphs of Periplaneta americana and Zonocerus variegatus. J. econ. Entomol. 74, 249–252.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackai, L. E. N. and Daoust, R. A. (1986) Insect pests of cowpeas. A. Rev. Entomol. 3, 95–119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Olaifa, J. I., Erhun, W. O. and Akingbohungbe, A. E. (1987) Insecticidal activity of some Nigerian plants. Insect Sci. Applic. 8, 221–224.Google Scholar
Olaifa, J. I. and Adenuga, A. O. (1988) Neem products for protecting field cassava from grasshopper damage, insect Sci. Applic. 9, 267–276.Google Scholar
Osisiogu, I. U. W. and Agbakwuru, E. O. P. (1978) Dennetia oil. A new seed preservative. Niger. J. Sci. 12, 477–485.Google Scholar
Reddy, R. N. S. and Prassad, R. (1975) Studies on the mineralization of urea, coated urea and nitrification inhibitor treated soil. J. Soil Sci. 26, 304–331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reed, D. K., Warthen, J. D. Jr, Uebel, E. E. and Reed, G. L. (1982) Effect of two tri terpenoids from neem on feeding by cucumber beetles, Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae. J. econ. Entomol. 75, 1109–1113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rembold, H. G. H., Shamac, C. and Schmutterer, O. (1980) Evidence of growth disruption in insects without feeding inhibition by neem seed fraction. Z. Pflanzenker Pflanzenschutz 87, 290–297.Google Scholar
Sharaby, A. (1988) Evaluation of some Myrataceae plant leaves as protectants against the infestation by Sitophilus oryzae L. and Sitophilus granarius L. Insect Sci. Applic. 9, 465–468.Google Scholar
Sowunmi, O. E. and Akinnusi, O. A. (1983) Studies on the use of neem kernel in the control of stored cowpea beetle Callosobruchus maculatus. Trop. Grain Legume Bull. 27, 28–31.Google Scholar
United Nations Development Fund for Women. UNIFEM (1987) Traditional Methods of Oil Extraction and Processing. Oil Extraction, Food Cycle Technology Sourcebook Bk. 1 .pp. 9–12. UNIFEM.Google Scholar
Warthen, J. D. Jr, Redfern, F. E., Uebel, E. C. and Mills, G. D. (1978a) An antifeedant for fall armyworm neem seeds. U. S. Dep. Agric. Agric. Res. Results, Northeastern Ser. No. 1.Google Scholar