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Lethal and sublethal effects of permethrin on Tanzanian strains of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), Gnatocerus maxillosus (F.), Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

R. J. Hodges  and
J. Meik
R. J. Hodges
Affiliation:
Storage Department, Tropical Development and Research Institute, London Road, Slough, Berks SL3 7HL, England
J. Meik
Affiliation:
Storage Department, Tropical Development and Research Institute, London Road, Slough, Berks SL3 7HL, England
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Abstract

Tanzanian strains of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), Gnatocerus maxillosus (F.), Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky were confined to maize grain treated with a dilute dust of permethrin at the rates of 1.5, 3.0 and 6.0 ppm active ingredient. The adult mortality and resulting F1 generation were recorded. G. maxillosus was very susceptible to the insecticide and even the lowest dose brought complete control. T. castaneum adults survived all treatments but few F1 were produced. Adult survival of s. oryzae and S. zeamais was progressively reduced by increasing dosage, although S. zeamais was much less susceptible to the treatment than S. oryzae.

The repellency of grain, treated with 3.0 ppm permethrin, to S. oryzae, S. zeamais and T. castaneum was tested in a simple choice chamber. Neither male nor female T. castaneum were repelled but significantly fewer eggs were laid on treated grain. For both Sitophilus spp there was no significant difference between the numbers of females or eggs observed on treated or untreated grain, but males were repelled from permethrin.

The importance of these results is discussed in relation to a recent recommendation that the treatment of shelled grain with 3.0 ppm permethrin should be adopted in Tanzania in order to control Prostephanus truncatus (Horn), a new and serious storage pest.

Résumé

Les souches tanzaniennes de Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), Gnatocerus maxillosus (F.), Sitophilus oryzae (L.) et Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky ont été restreintes aux graines de mais traité au moyen de perméthrine pulvérulente diluée à des taux d'ingrédient actif de 1,5, 3,0 et 6,0 ppm. II a été enregistré la mortalité adulte ainsi que la génération F1 en résultant. II a été observe que G. maxillosus était très sensible à l'insecticide et même la dose la plus faible permettait de la maîtriser totalement. Les adultes de T. castaneum ont survécu à tous les traitements, toutefois rare a été la génération F1. La survie des adultes de S. oryzae et S. zeamais a été progressivement réduite en augmentant la dose, bien qu'il ait été observe que S. zeamais soit beaucoup moins sensible au traitement que S. oryzae.

II a été mis à l'essai, dans une simple chambre de sélection, le caractère insectifuge des graines à S. oryzae, S. zeamais et T. castaneum traitées au moyen d'une dose de 3,0 ppm de perméthrine. Ni les mâles, ni les femelles T. castaneum n'ont été repoussés, mais il a été pondu un nombre beaucoup moins important d'oeufs sur les graines traitées. En ce qui concerne les deux espèces de Sitophilus, il n'a pas été observé d'écart significatif entre le nombre des femelles ou des oeufs sur les graines traitées ou non traitées, mais la perméthrine a repoussé les mâles.

II est étudié l'importance de ces résultats relativement à une recommandation récente indiquant que le traitement des graines décortiquées, au moyen de perméthrine à 3,0 ppm, soit adopté en Tanzanie afin de lutter contre Prostephanus truncatus (Horn), constituant un nuisible nouveau et sérieux des installations d'entreposage.

Keywords

Tribolium castaneumGnatocerus maxillosusSitophilus zeamaisSitophilus oryzaestorage pestspermethrinsublethal effectsrepellencyTribolium castaneumGnatocerus maxillosusSitophilus zeamaisSitophilus oryzaenuisibles des installations d'entreposageperméthrineeffets sublétauxcaractère insectifuge
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 7 , Issue 4 , August 1986 , pp. 533 - 537
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1986

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