Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T07:13:47.209Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

International aspects of crop protection: the needs of tropical developing countries*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Thomas R. Odhiambo
Affiliation:
The International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
Get access

Abstract

The special circumstances of plant protection in tropical developing countries, particularly in Africa, are considered within the context of the needs of the preponderant rural farming community, and in respect of food production. The problems are exacerbated by the existence of complex cropping systems (intercropping), the abundance and diversity of pests, the meagre knowledge of the plant-host-pest relationships, and the poor availability of the scientific understanding of the components of pest control and inputs essential for integrated pest management. Institutional innovations, including stepped-up professional training of experts in the field of plant protection, are required to usher in a more sustained effort in efficacious plant protection in these regions. Attempts in this direction are briefly discussed.

Type
Mini-Review Articles
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1984

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Aggarwal, V. D. (1983) Striga resistance, pp. 6970. In Annual Report for 1982. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan.Google Scholar
Amoako-Atta, B. and Omolo, E. O. (1983) Yield losses caused by the stem-/pod borer complex within maize-cowpea-sorghum intercropping systems in Kenya. Insect Sci. Applic. 4, 3946.Google Scholar
Bowers, R. D. (1982) Agricultural tree crops as a no-tillage system. In Agro-Forestry in the African Humid Tropics (Edited by Macdonald, L. H.), pp. 4951. United Nations University, Tokyo.Google Scholar
Collinson, M. (1983) Technological potentials for food production: East and Central Africa. Proceedings of the Conference on Accelerating Agricultural Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa organized by the International Food Policy Research Institute and the Department of Land Management, University of Zimbabwe, 29 August–1 September 1983, Victoria Falls (in preparation).Google Scholar
Day, P. R., Barrett, J. A. and Wolfe, M. S. (1983) The evolution of host-parasite interaction. In Genetic Engineering of Plants: An Agricultural Perspective (Edited by Kasuge, T., Meredith, C. P. and Hollaender, A.), pp. 419430. Plenum Press, New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dethier, V. G. (1976) Man's Plague: Insects and Agriculture. The Darwin Press, Princeton.Google Scholar
Feeny, P. (1983) Coevolution of plants and insects. In Natural Products for Innovative Pest Management (Edited by Whitehead, D. L. and Bowers, W. S.), pp. 167185. Pergamon Press, Oxford.Google Scholar
Harwood, R. R. (1976) The application of science and technology in long-range solutions: multiple cropping potentials. In Nutrition and Agricultural Development (Edited by Scrimshaw, N. S. and Behar, M.). Plenum Press, New York.Google Scholar
Hassanali, A. and Johnson, A. W. (1980) Novel compounds and process for their preparation. American Pat. No. 123, 257.Google Scholar
Heinrichs, E. A., Saxena, R. C. and Chelliah, S. (1978) The development and implementation of insect pest management systems for rice in tropical Asia. In Seminar on Sensible Use of Pesticides. ASPAC Food and Fertilizer Technology Center, Tokyo. (Mimeographed Proceedings.)Google Scholar
Kennedy, G. G. (1978) Recent advances in insect resistance of vegetables and fruit crops in North America: 1966–1977. Bull. ent. Soc. Am. 24, 375384.Google Scholar
Metcalf, R. L. (1980) Changing role of insecticides in crop protection. A. Rev. Ent. 25, 219256.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Odhiambo, T. R. (1979) Linking basic research to crop improvement programs for the less-developed countries: Biological control of insects. In Linking Research to Crop Production (Edited by Staples, R. C. and Kuhr, R. J.), pp. 153172. Plenum Press, New York and London.Google Scholar
Odhiambo, T. R. (1980) Man and tropical insects. Mem. Sci. Fisiche e Naturali 98 (Vol. IV, fasc. 12), 169204.Google Scholar
Odhiambo, T. R. Biological constraints on food production and on the level and efficient use of chemical inputs. In Proceedings on CHEMRAWN II International Conference on Chemistry and World Food SuppliesThe New Frontiers, Manila, 6–10 December 1982 (in press).Google Scholar
Ojal, J. M. (1978) Directory of Insect Scientists in Africa. The International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi.Google Scholar
Okigbo, B. N. (1978) Cropping Systems and Related Research in Africa. Association for the Advancement of Agricultural Sciences in Africa, Addis Ababa.Google Scholar
Pimentel, D. (1978) Socio-economic and legal aspects of pest control. In Pest Control Strategies (Edited by Smith, E. H. and Pimentel, D.), pp. 5571. Academic Press, New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saxena, R. C. and Rueda, L. M. (1982) Morphological variations among three biotypes of the brown plant-hopper Nilaparvata lugens in the Philippines. Insect Sci. Applic. 3, 193210.Google Scholar
Simmonds, N. W. (1983) Plant breeding: the state of the art. In Genetic Engineering of Plants: An Agricultural Perspective (Edited by Kosuge, T., Meredith, C. P. and Hollaender, A.), pp. 525. Plenum Press, New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stadler, E. (1983) Attractants, arrestants, feeding and ovi-position stimulants in insect-plant relationships: applications for pest control. In Natural Products for Innovative Pest Management (Edited by Whitehead, D. L. and Bowers, W. S.), pp. 243258. Pergamon Press, Oxford.Google Scholar
World Bank (1981) Accelerated Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Agenda for Action. The World Bank, Washington, D.C.Google Scholar
Yoder, O. C. (1983) Use of pathogen-produced toxins in genetic engineering of plants and pathogens. In Genetic Engineering of Plants: An Agricultural Perspective (Edited by Kosuge, T., Meredith, C. P. and Hollaender, A.), pp. 335353. Plenum Press, New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Youdeowei, A. (1983) Training of scientists and technologists in the management of insect pests and vectors in tropical countries. In Natural Products for Innovative Pest Management (Edited by Whitehead, D. L. and Bowers, W. S.), pp. 557–575. Pergamon Press, Oxford.Google Scholar