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Integrated pest management for cowpea–cereal cropping systems in the West African savannah

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 December 2007

T. Adati ,
M. Tamò ,
S.R. Yusuf ,
M.C.A. Downham ,
B.B. Singh  and
W. Hammond
T. Adati*
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Kano Station, Sabo Bakin Zuwo Road, PMB 3112, Kano, Nigeria
M. Tamò
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Biological Control Center for Africa, 08 BP 0932 Tri Postal, Cotonou, Benin
S.R. Yusuf
Affiliation:
Crop Production Programme, School of Agriculture, Abubakar Tawafa Balewa University, PMB 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria
M.C.A. Downham
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Chatham ME4 4TB, UK
B.B. Singh
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Kano Station, Sabo Bakin Zuwo Road, PMB 3112, Kano, Nigeria
W. Hammond
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Biological Control Center for Africa, 08 BP 0932 Tri Postal, Cotonou, Benin
*
*E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. is an important component in mixed cropping systems that are appropriate to the agro-ecological characteristics of the West African savannah. However, the contribution of cowpea to overall productivity of the systems is reduced by a number of insect pest species. Compared with the humid zone, important features of insect pests in the savannah region include: (i) a tendency towards higher pest incidence during the limited growing period, (ii) a more advantageous situation for generalist and migratory pests in the scanty and unstable vegetation and (iii) lower mortality inflicted by parasitoids on the pest populations. The key pests of cowpea of importance in the West African savannah are the legume flower thrips Megalurothrips sjostedti (Trybom) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), the legume pod borer Maruca vitrata (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and the pod-sucking bug Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stål (Hemiptera: Coreidae). To control these insects in a sustainable manner, pest management practices such as the use of resistant cowpea varieties, mixed cropping systems, botanical and reduced risk insecticides, and biological control assisted by pest monitoring have been developed. Nevertheless, no single component is effective when used alone, but specific combinations can work synergistically. This paper highlights recent progress in integrated pest management strategies for cowpea in cereal-based cropping systems in the West African savannah.

Keywords

cowpeaIPMWest AfricaMegalurothrips sjostedtiMaruca vitrataClavigralla tomentosicollis
Type
Review Article
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 27 , Issue 3-4 , December 2007 , pp. 123 - 137
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2008

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