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Insecticidal activity of some Nigerian plants

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Julius I. Olaifa ,
Wilson O. Erhun  and
A. E. Akingbohungbe
Julius I. Olaifa
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, University of Ife, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Wilson O. Erhun
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Ife, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
A. E. Akingbohungbe
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, University of Ife, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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Abstract

Steam distillates of seven Nigerian plants, Lippia adoensis Hoschst, Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Monodora tenuifolia Benth, Piper guineense Schum & Thonn, Petiveria alliacea L., Citrus sinensis L. (variety Nigerian green orange), and Cymbopogon citratus L. were tested for acute toxicity on four major insect pests. The pests were larvae of Acrae eponina Cramer, adult cotton stainer Dysdercus superstitiosus (F.), the cowpea flea beetle, Ootheca mutabilis Sahlberg and the pod sucking bug Riptortus dentipes F. Essential oils of L. adoensis, M. tenuifolia and P. guineense were toxic to the insects. O. mutabilis was the most susceptible with LD50 of 0.15, 0.32 and 0.52 respectively for M. tenuifolia, L. adoensis and P. guineense, while R. dentipes was the least susceptible. There was cessation of feeding in A. eponina treated with essential oil of C. sinensis and P. alliacea.

Résumé

Des tests ont été effectués surdes huiles volatiles distillées à la vapeur de sept plantes nigérianes, a savoir, Lippia adoensis Hoschst, Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Monedara tenuiflora Benth, Piper guineense Schum & Thonn, Petiveria alliacea L., Citrus sinensis L. (orange verte nigeriane) et Cymbopogun citratus afin de determiner les limites de leur toxicité sur quatre insectes particulierement nuisibles. Les insectes étaient les larves d' Acrae eponina Cramer, le destructeur du coton Dysdercus superstitiosus (F), la puce des haricots Ootheca mutabilis Sahlberg et la punaise des cosses Riptortus dentipes F. Les huiles volatiles de L. adoensis, M. tenuifolia et P. alliacea ont eu un effet toxique sur les insectes. O, mutabilis etait le plus vulnérable avec un LD50 de 0.15, 0.32 et 0.52 respectivement sur M, tenuiflora, L. adoensis et P. guineense tandis que le R. dentipes était le moins vulnérable. Il y a eu un arret dlalimentation cheze le A. eponina apres avoir subi un traitement d'huile volatile de C. sinensis et P. alliacea.

Keywords

Insecticidalacute toxicityessential oilPiper guineenseMonodora tenuifoliaLippia adoensisInsecticidelimite de toxicietehuile volatilePiper guineenseMonodora tenuifloraLippia adoensis
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 8 , Issue 2 , April 1987 , pp. 221 - 224
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1987

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