Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T19:24:58.911Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Insect resistance in sorghum plants

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

M. G. Jotwani
M. G. Jotwani
Affiliation:
Division of Entomology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
Get access

Abstract

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is an important food crop, especially of the semi-arid areas of Asia and Africa. One of the major constraints affecting the popularity of high-yielding hybrids and varieties is their extremely high susceptibility to insect pests.

Painter (1951) has reviewed in detail the work done on resistance in sorghum to the chinch bug (Blissus leucopterus), corn leaf aphid (Aphis maidis) and sorghum midge (Contarinia sorghicola). In the last decade and a half considerable work has been done on resistance to the shootfly (Atherigona seccata), stem borer (Chilo partellus) and sorghum midge (Contarinia sorghicola). By conducting multilo-cation screenings of world germplasm under natural and artificial infestation conditions, not only have promising sources of resistance been identified but a number of them have been utilised in crossing programmes to develop high-yielding resistant cultivars. Some sources with multiple resistance have also been identified.

The mechanisms of resistance in sorghum to the major pests have been investigated. It is seen that the mechanisms are generally complex and the observed field resistance is the total reaction of several components. There are several leads available which justify further intensive work, especially on identifying naturally occurring plant products associated with antibiosis mechanism.

Keywords

Insect resistanceSorghum bicolorAtherigona soccataContarinia sorghicolachinch bugBlissus leucopterusantibiosistolerancegreen bugSchizaphis graminumnon-preferencebiochemical basisadvanced derivativessilica bodiestrichomeschlorophylllysinerecovery resistanceChilo partellusdamage parametershistidineaspartic acid6-MBOAdhurrin
Type
Research Article
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 2 , Special Issue 1-2: The Biology, Ecology and Control of the Sorghum Shootfly, Atherigona soccata Rondani , June 1981 , pp. 93 - 98
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1981

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Ball, C. R. and Hastings, S. H. (1912) Grain sorghum production in the San Antonio region of Texas. U.S. Dept. Agr. Bui. PI. indus. Bul. 237.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blum, A. (1965) Screening of sorghum varieties for resistance to Atherigona varia and a preliminary investigation into the nature of this resistance. Volcani Institute of Agriculture, Preliminary Report No. 503.Google Scholar
Blum, A. (1967) Varietal resistance of sorghum varieties resistant to the sorghum shootfly (Atherigona varia saccata). Crop Sci. 7, 461–462.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blum, A. (1968) Anatomical phenomena in seedling of sorghum varieties resistant to the sorghum shootfly (Atherigona varia saccata). Crop Sci. 8, 388–391.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blum, A. (1972). Breeding for insect resistance in crop plants with special reference to sorghum. In Sorghum in Seventies (Ed. by Rao, N. G. P. and House, L. R.), pp. 399–410. Oxford & IBH, New Delhi.Google Scholar
Bowden, J. and Neve, R. A. (1953) Sorghum midge (Contar-inia sorghicola) and resistant varieties in the Gold Coast. Nature, Lond. 172 (4377), 551.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dahms, R. G. (1943) Insect resistance in sorghum and cotton. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 35, 704–715.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dahms, R. G. (1948) Effect of different varieties and ages of sorghum on the biology of the chinch bug. J. agric. Res. 76, 271–288.Google Scholar
Kamlesh, Dang, Mohini, Anand and Jotwani, M. G. (1970) A simple improved diet for mass rearing of sorghum stem borer. Chilo zonellus (Swinhoe). Indian J. Ent. 32, 130–133.Google Scholar
Doggett, H. and Majisu, B. N. (1966) Record of research. E. African Agr. Forestry Res. Organ. Annual Report, 1965, p. 86.Google Scholar
Doggett, H., Starks, K. J. and Eberhart, S. A. (1970) Breeding for resistance to the sorghum shootfly. Crop Sci. 10, 528–531.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, K. M. (1961) The sorghum midge Contarinia sorghicola Coq. in Nigeria. Bull. ent. Res. 52, 129–146.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, K. M. (1970) The sorghum midge. PANS 16, 36–42.Google Scholar
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (1978) ICRISAT Annual Report 1977–78, pp. 46–47. Hyderabad, India.Google Scholar
Jain, K. K. and Bhatnagar, M. P. (1962) Studies on varietal resistance to Jowar shootfly Indian J. Genet. Pl. Breed. 22, 224–229.Google Scholar
Jotwani, M. G. (1978) Investigations on Insect Pests of Sorghum and Millets with Special Reference to Host Plant Resistance. Final Technical Report (1972–1977), Division of Entomology, IARI, New Delhi.Google Scholar
Jotwani, M. G., Chaudhary, S. and Singh, S. P. (1978) Mechanism of resistance to Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) in sorghum. Indian J. Ent. 40, 273–276.Google Scholar
Jotwani, M. G., Chaudhary, S., Singh, S. P. and Young, W. R. (1971a) Studies on resistance in sorghum against stem borer Chilo zonellus. In Investigations on Insect Pests of Sorghum and Millets (Ed. by Pradhan, S.), Final Technical Report (1965–1970), Division of Entomology, IARI, New Delhi.Google Scholar
Jotwani, M. G., Sharma, G. C. and Srivastava, K. P. (1974) Utility of non-preference for oviposition in developing sorghum lines resistant to shootfly. Entomologists Newsl. 4 (7), 38–39.Google Scholar
Jotwani, M. G., Sharma, G. C., Srivastava, B. G. and Marwaha, K. K. (1971b) Ovipositional response of shootfly, Atherigona varia seccata Rondani on some of the promising resistant lines of sorghum. In Investigations on Insect Pests of Sorghum and Millets (Ed. by Pradhan, S.), Final Technical Report (1965–1970), Division of Entomology, IARI, New Delhi.Google Scholar
Jotwani, M. G., Singh, S. P. and Chaudhari, S. (1971c) Relative susceptibility of some sorghum lines to midge damage. In Investigations on Insect Pests of Sorghum and Millets (Ed. by Pradhan, S.), pp. 123–130. Final Technical Report (1965–1970), Division of Entomology, IARI, New Delhi.Google Scholar
Jotwani, M. G. and Srivastava, K. P. (1970) Studies on sorghum lines resistant against shootfly, Atherigona varia seccata Rond. Indian J. Ent. 32, 1–3.Google Scholar
Kalode, M. B. and Pant, N. C. (1967) Effect of host plants on the survival, development and behaviour of Chilo zonellus (Swinhoe) under laboratory conditions. Indian J. Ent., 29, 48–57.Google Scholar
Klun, J. A. and Brindley, T. A. (1966) Role of 6-methoxy benzoxazolinone inbred resistance of host plant (maize) to first brood larvae of European corn borer. J. econ. Ent. 59, 711–718.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Painter, R. H. (1951) Insect Resistance in Crop Plants. Macmillan, New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pant, N. C., Pathak, M. D. and Pant, J. C. (1961) Resistance to Chilo zonellus (Swin.) in different host plants. Indian J. Ent. 23, 128–135.Google Scholar
Ponnaiya, B. W. X. (1951a) Studies on the genus Sorghum I. Field observations on sorghum resistance to the insect pest, Atherigona indica M. Madras Univ. J. 21, 96–117.Google Scholar
Ponnaiya, B. W. X. (1951b) Studies on the genus Sorghum II. The cause of resistance in sorghum to the insect pest, Atherigona indica M. Madras Univ. J. 21, 203–217.Google Scholar
Pradhan, S. (1971) Investigations on Insect Pests of Sorghum and Millets. Final Technical Report (1965–1970), Division of Entomology, IARI, New Delhi.Google Scholar
Rao, N. G. P., Rana, B. S. and Jotwani, M. G. (1978) Host plant resistance to major insect pests of sorghum. Tech. Doc., IAEA 215, 63–78.Google Scholar
Rao, S. B. P. and Rao, D. V. N. (1956) Studies on the sorghum shoot borer fly, Atherigona indica Malloch (Anthomyiidae: Diptera) at Siruguppa. Mysore agric. J. 31, 158–174.Google Scholar
Singh, Roshan (1973) Influence of different varieties of sorghum on the biology of the sorghum shootfly (Atherigona varia seccata Rond). M.Sc. thesis, Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad.Google Scholar
Schuster, D. J. and Starks, K. J. (1973) Greenbugs: components of host plant resistance in sorghum. J. econ. Ent. 66, 1131–1134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singh, S. P. (1977) Investigations on sorghum resistance to shootfly Atherigona saccata (Rondani). Ph.D. thesis, Agra University, Agra.Google Scholar
Singh, S. R., Vedamoorthy, G., Thobbi, V. V., Jotwani, M. G., Young, W. R., Balan, J. S., Srivastava, K. P., Sandhu, G. S. and Krishnananda, N. (1968) Resistance to stem borer, Chilo zonellus (Swinhoe) and stemfly, Atherigona varia seccata Rond, in the world sorghum collection in India. Mem. ent. Soc. India 7, 1–79.Google Scholar
Starks, K. J. and Dogoett, H. (1970) Resistance to a spotted stem borer in sorghum and maize. J. econ. Ent. 63, 1790–1795.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Starks, K. J., Eberhart, S. A. and Doggett, H. (1970) Recovery from shootfly attack in a sorghum diallel. Crop Sci. 10, 519–522.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swarup, V. and Chaugale, D. S. (1962) A preliminary study on resistance to stem borer Chilo zonellus (Swin.) infestation on Sorghum vulgare Pers. Curr. Sci. 31, 163–164.Google Scholar
Teetes, G. L. (1975) Insect resistance and breeding strategies in sorghum. In Proceedings of the 13th Annual Corn and Sorghum Research Conference, U.S.A., pp. 32–48.Google Scholar
Thirumurthy, S. (1970) Further studies on sorghum resistance to the shootfly Atherigona varia seccata Rondani (Anthomyiidae: Diptera). M.Sc. (Ag.) thesis, Madras University, Madras.Google Scholar
Trehan, K. N. and Butani, D. K. (1949) Notes on the life history, bionomics and control of Chilo zonellus (Swinhoe) in Bombay Province. Indian J. Ent. 11, 47–59.Google Scholar
Woodhead, S. and Bernays, E. (1977) Changes in release rates of cyanide in relation to palatibility of sorghum to insects. Nature, Lond. 270 (5634), 235–236.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Young, W. R. and Teetes, G. L. (1977) Sorghum entomology. A. Rev. Em. 22, 193–218.Google Scholar