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Genetics of sorghum, maize, rice and sugar-cane resistance to the cereal stem borer, Chilo spp.

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

R. S. Pathak
R. S. Pathak
Affiliation:
The International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P. O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
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Abstract

Several species of Chilo are serious pests (stem borers) of sorghum, maize, rice and sugar-cane. Studies on genetics of resistance to Chilo species have been carried out only In a few cases. In maize and sorghum resistance to C. partellus, measured in terms of leaf-feeding, dead hearts and stem-tunnelling is polygenic. Both additive and non-additive gene effects are important in the inheritance of resistance to C. partellus. However, the importance of additive and non-additive gene effects in determining resistance, varies with the resistance parameter in two crops. Resistance to leaf-feeding and stem-tunnelling is governed predominantly by additive genes, while both additive and non-additive genes are important in the inheritance of dead hearts. The non-additive gene action, however, is of higher magnitude and more important in the inheritance of resistance to dead hearts in maize than that in sorghum. Recurrent selection using S1, S2 lines would be efficient in increasing levels of resistance both in sorghum and maize. Tolerance should be considered as an important factor in sorghum breeding for borer resistance.

The level of resistance in rice to C. suppressalis is low to moderate and appears to be under polygenic control. A recurrent selection programme using male sterile lines could be effective in improving the level of resistance. No information is available on genetics of resistance to Chilo spp. in sugar-cane.

Résumé

Plusieurs espèces de Chilo sont d'importants ravageurs de sorgho, de maïs, de riz et de la canne à sucre. Les ètudes sur la génétique de rèsistance aux Chilo spp. ont été conduites dans certains cas seulement. Dans le cas du maïs et du sorgho, la rèsistance au Chilo partellus est polygènique (évaluée en termes de dégâts foliaires, de casse des tiges, et des galeries). Les effets des génes additifs et non additifs sont importants dans l'acquisition de la résistance au C. partellus. Cependant, l'importance des effects des gènes additifs et non additifs dans le déterminisme de la résistance varie avec le paramétre de résistance lié aux deux plantes. La résistance aux dégâts foliaires et aux galeries des tiges est contrôlée d'une manière prédominante par les génes additifs, alors que les génes additifs et non additifs sont importants dans l'héritage de résistance de la casse des tiges. Cependant, l'action du gène non additif est de plus grande amplitude, et plus importante dans l'acquisition de la résistance à l'égard de la casse des tiges dans le maïs que dans le sorgho. L'utilisation fréquente des lignés S1, S2 serait efficace dans l'augmentation des niveaux de résistance aussi bien pour le sorgho que pour le maïs. La tolérance devrait être considérée comme un facteur important dans la séléction du sorgho pour la résistance aux foreurs des tiges.

Le niveau de résistance du riz au C. suppressalis est faible ou modéré, et semble être polygénique. Un programme de séléction utilisant fréquemment des lignées mâles stériles pourrait être efficace dans l'amélioration du niveau de résistance. Les informations concernant la résistance génétique de la canne à sucre aux Chilo spp. ne sont pas disponsibles.

Keywords

Chilo spp.sorghummaizericeresistancegeneticstoleranceinheritanceadditive and non-additive gene actionrecurrent selectionChilo spp.sorghomaïsrizrésistancegénétiquetolérancehéritageaction des génes additifs et non additifsfréquente selection
Type
Breeding and Resistance Genetics
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 11 , Special Issue 4-5: Tropical Stem Borers of Graminaceous Crops: A New Synthesis , October 1990 , pp. 689 - 699
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1990

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