Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-24T01:13:43.240Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Experimental transmission of Ife virus by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

G. O. Ezeifeka ,
J. U. Umoh ,
C. D. Ezeokoli  and
N. E. Gomwalk
G. O. Ezeifeka
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Zaria, Nigeria
J. U. Umoh
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Zaria, Nigeria
C. D. Ezeokoli
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Medicine, Zaria, Nigeria
N. E. Gomwalk
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
Get access

Abstract

Transmission of Ife virus by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes was investigated. Mosquitoes were experimentally infected by feeding on viraemic mice or on infected mouse brain suspended in defibrinated chick blood. Normal infant mice were exposed to infected mosquitoes after predetermined extrinsic incubation period. Ife virus persisted for only 1 day in mosquitoes that fed on viraemic mice and for 5 days in those that fed on infected brain/blood suspension. Virus was not recovered in infant mice exposed to infected mosquitoes. However, there was serological evidence of virus transmission manifested as the presence of complement fixing antibody against Ife virus in mice exposed after 2 days and 2–5 days extrinsic incubation periods to mosquitoes infected by feeding on viraemic mice and by feeding on infected brain/blood suspension respectively. This transmission was considered mechanical in view of the short virus persistence and extrinsic incubation periods.

Résumé

La transmission du virus d'Ife par les moustlques de l'espèce Aedes aegypti a été étudiée. Ces moustiques ont etc experimentalement infectés en les nourrisant de souris viraemiques, ou de matlère cérébrale (cervelle) de souris infectées dans une suspension de sang defibriné de poulet. Des jeunes souris ont été exposées aux moustiques infectés apres la pcriode d'incubation extrinsique prédéterminée.

Dans les moustiques nourris de souris viraemiques, le virus d'Ife n'a persistc qu 'un Jour, contre cinq jours pour ceux nourris de la suspension infectee cervelle/sang. Aucun virus n'a été retrouvé dans les jeunes souris exposées aux moustiques infectés. Cependant, on a pu trouver une evidence de transmission du virus, ceci se manifestant par la presence d'anticorps complémentaires contre le virus d'Ife dans les souris exposées durant des périodes d'incubation extrinsèques de 2 jours et de 2 à 5 jours aux moustiques infectés en les nourrisant de souris viraemiques et de la suspension infectee cervelle/sang respectivement. Cette transmission est consklérée comme étant mécanique à cause de les courte durée de la persistence et des périodes d'incubation extrinsèques.

Keywords

Aedes aegyptiIfe virustransmission
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 14 , Issue 1 , February 1993 , pp. 89 - 92
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Anonymous (1969) Virus isolates 1969 and unreported virus isolated 1964–1968 by virus number. Annual Report. Virus Research Laboratory, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, pp. 126–144.Google Scholar
Anonymous (1971) Ile-Ife trip: Annual Report. Virus Research Laboratory, University of Ibadaib, Ibadan, Nigeria, pp. 31–32.Google Scholar
Casals, J. (1967) Immunological techniques for animal viruses. In Methods in Virology, Vol. III (Edited by Maramorosch, K. and Koprowski, M.), pp. 173–198. Academy Press, New York.Google Scholar
Chamberlain, R. W. and Sudia, W. D. (1961) Mechanism of transmission of viruses by mosquitoes. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 6, 371–390.Google Scholar
Clarke, D. H. and Casals, J. (1958) Technique for haemagg lutination inhibition with arthropod-borne viruses. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 7, 561–573.Google Scholar
Ezeifeka, G. O., Umoh, J. U., Ezeokoli, C. D. and Ezealor, A. U. (1987) Prevalence of Ife virus infection in wild rodents and birds from Zaria, Nigeria. J. Wild. Dis. 23, 663–665.Google Scholar
Ezeifeka, G. O., Umoh, J. U., Ezeokoli, C. D. and Gomwalk, N. E. (1989a) Serological evidence of Ife virus infection in Nigerian indigenous domestic ruminants. Trop. Anim. Hlth. Prod. 21, 55–57.Google Scholar
Ezeifeka, G. O., Umoh, J. U., Ezeokoli, C. D. and Gomwalk, N. E. (1989b) Pathogenicity of Ife virus for Swiss albino mice. Acta virol. 33, 349–354.Google ScholarPubMed
Ezeifeka, G. O., Umoh, J. U., Ezeokoli, C. D. and Gomwalk, N. E. (1989c) Susceptibility of laboratory animals to experimental infection with Ife virus. Vet. Microbiol. 22, 11–16.Google Scholar
Ezeifeka, G. O., Umoh, J. U., Ezeokoli, C. D. and Gomwalk, N. E. (1990) Serological evidence of Ife virus infection in man in Plateau State of Nigeria. Nig. J. Microbiol. (In press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hardy, J. L., Houk, E. J., Kramer, H. L. and Reeves, W. C. (1983) Intrinsic factors affecting vector competence of mosquitoes for arboviruses. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 28, 229–362.Google Scholar
Karabatsos, N. (1985) International Catalogue of Arboviruses Including Certain Other Viruses of Vertebrates. American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, San Antonio, Texas.Google Scholar
Reed, L. T. and Muench, H. (1938) A simple method of estimating fifty percent end point. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 27, 493.Google Scholar
Riggs, J. L. (1979) Immunoflourescent staining. In Diagnostic Procedures for Viral Ricketsial, and Chlamydial Infections (Edited by Lennette, E. H. and Schmidt, N. J.), pp. 146–147. 5th Edition, American Public Health Association, Washington DC.Google Scholar
Tikasingh, E. S., Spence, L. and Downs, W. G. (1966) The use of adjuvant and Sarcoma 180 cells in the production of mouse hyperimmune ascitic fluids to arboviruses. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 15, 219 –226.Google Scholar
World Health Organization (1975) Manual on practical entomology in malaria. Part II. WHO Off set Publications. No. 13, pp. 165–172.Google Scholar