Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T11:38:29.516Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Density Effects of the Banana Weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar), on Its Oviposition Performance and Egg and Larval Survivorship

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Clifford S. Gold ,
Godfrey H. Kagezi ,
Pontiano Nemeye  and
Philip E. Ragama
Clifford S. Gold
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, P.O. Box 7878, Kampala, Uganda E-mail: [email protected]
Godfrey H. Kagezi
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, P.O. Box 7878, Kampala, Uganda E-mail: [email protected]
Pontiano Nemeye
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, P.O. Box 7878, Kampala, Uganda E-mail: [email protected] International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
Philip E. Ragama
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, P.O. Box 7878, Kampala, Uganda E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

The influence of banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar)(Coleoptera: Curculionidae), population density on oviposition rates and larval survivorship was studied in the laboratory at the Kawanda Agricultural Research Institute in Uganda. This study was undertaken to elucidate the relationship between density-dependent factors and rates of banana weevil increase in the field. Oviposition substrates (corm pieces) were offered to a range of densities of weevils maintained in buckets. Mean oviposition rates per female at densities of 10, 20 and 40 females per bucket were 29, 37 and 53%, respectively, lower than that at a density of 5 females. Nevertheless, total oviposition for the same groups was 1.4, 2.5 and 3.7 times higher than that of the 5-female group. Providing fresh corms daily instead of every five days did not increase oviposition. Larval survivorship was slightly higher at lower densities of immatures following insertion of different densities of eggs or first instars into banana corms. The results suggest that density-dependent factors can influence oviposition rates of individual weevils and survivorship of immatures, but appear to exert only modest influence in reducing banana weevil population growth. More likely, high mortality of weevil immatures under field conditions and/or higher rates of adult mortality and emigration than previously postulated contribute to the slow population build-up of this pest.

Résumé

L'influence de la densité de population du charançon du bananier Cosmopiolites sordidus (Germar) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) sur le taux d'oviposition et la survie des larves a été étudiée au laboratoire à l'lnstitut de Recherche Agricole de Kawanda en Ouganda. Cette etude a été menée afin de comprendre la relation entre les facteurs de densité-dépendance et le taux d'accroissement du charançon du bananier au champ. Les substrats d'oviposition (des morceaux de rhizomes) ont été présentès à différentes densités de charançons maintenus dans des seaux. Les taux moyens d'oviposition par femelle aux densités de 10, 20 et 40 femelles par seau sont respectivement de 29, 37 et 53% inférieurs à celui observé pour une densité de 5 femelles. Cependant, la fécondité totale pour ces mêmes densités est 1, 4, 2, 5 et 3, 7 fois plus élevée qu'à la densité de 5 femelles. La fécondité n'augmente pas si l'on fournit des rhizomes frais chaque jour plutôt que tous les 5 jours. La survie larvaire est sensiblement plus élevée aux faibles densités de jeunes larves juste après l'infestation des rhizomes. Ces résultats suggèrent que les facteurs de densité-dépendance influencent le taux d'oviposition des charançons et la survie des larves, mai ne réduit pas significativement le taux d'accroissement des populations du charançon.

II est vraisemblable que la forte mortalité larvaire en conditions naturelles et/ou le taux de mortalité élevé des adultes et l'émigration que nous avions évoqués contribuent au ralentissement de croissance des populations de ce ravageur.

Keywords

bananabanana weevilCosmopolites sordidusdensity dependenceovipositionpopulation dynamicssurvivorshipbananiercharançon du bananierCosmopolites sordidusdensité dépendenceovipositiondynamique des populationssurvie
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 22 , Issue 3 , September 2002 , pp. 205 - 213
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2002

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Abera, A.M.K. (1997) Oviposition preferences and timing of attach by the banana weevil (Cosmopolites sordidus Germar) in East African highland banana (Musa spp). MSc thesis. Makerere Univ., Kampala, Uganda. 120 pp.Google Scholar
Arleu, R.J. and Neto, S.S. (1984) Broca da bananeira Cosmopolites sordidus (Germ., 1824) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Turrialba 34, 359–367.Google Scholar
Cuille, J. (1950) Recherches sur le charancon du bananier. Inst. Fr. Agric. col. Ser. Tech. 4. 225 pp.Google Scholar
Delattre, P. (1980) Recherche d'une methode d'estimation des populations du charancon du bananier, Cosmopolites sordidus Germar (Col., Curculionidae). Acta Oecologica: Oecol. Applic. 1, 83–92.Google Scholar
Godfray, H.C.J. (1994) Parasitoids: Behavioral and Evolutionary Ecology. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J., 473 pp.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gold, C.S. and Bagabe, M.I. (1997) Banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus Germar (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), infestation of cooking and beer bananas in adjacent stands in Uganda. African Entomology 5, 103–108.Google Scholar
Gold, C.S., Karamura, E.B., Kiggundu, A., Bagamba, F. and Abera, A.M.K. (1999a) Geographic shifts in highland cooking banana (Musa spp., group AAA-EA) production in Uganda. Int. J. Sustain. Dev. World Ecol. 6, 45–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gold, C.S., Rukazambuga, N.D.T.R., Karamura, E.B., Nemeye, P. and Night, G. (1999b) Recent advances in banana weevil biology, population dynamics and pest status with emphasis on East Africa, pp. 35–50. In Mobilizing IPMfor Sustainable Banana Production in Africa. Proceedings of a Workshop on Banana IPM, Nelspruit, South Africa, 23–28 November 1998 (Edited by Frison, E., Gold, C.S., Karamura, E.B. and Sikora, R.A.). INIBAP, Montpellier.Google Scholar
Gold, C.S., Okech, S.H. and Nokoe, S. (2002) Effects of pseudostem trapping on banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar), populations and damage in Ntungamo district, Uganda. Bull. Entomol. Res. 92, 35–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gold, C.S., Okech, S.H. and Ssendege, R. (1997) Banana weevil population densities and related damage in Ntungamo and Mbarara districts, Uganda, pp. 1207–1219. In African Crop Science Conference Proceedings-Pretoria 13–17 January 1997 (Edited by Adipala, E., Tenywa, J.S. and Ogenga-Latigo, M.W.). Makerere University, Kampala.Google Scholar
Gold, C.S., Speijer, P.R., Karamura, E.B., Tushemereirwe, W.K. and Kashaija, I.N. (1994) Survey methodologies for pest and disease assessment in Uganda. Afr. Crop Sci. J. 2, 309–321.Google Scholar
Griesbach, M. (1999) Occurrence of mutualistic endophytes in bananas (Musa spp.) and their potential as biocontrol agents of the banana weevil Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Uganda. PhD dissertation. Univ. of Bonn, Germany. 131 pp.Google Scholar
Kiggundu, A. (2000) Host plant reactions and resistance mechanisms to banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) in Ugandan Musa germplasm. MSc thesis. Orange Free State Univ., South Africa. 98 pp.Google Scholar
Koppenhofer, A.M. (1993) Observations on egg-laying behaviour of the banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar). Entomol. Exp. Appl. 68, 187–192.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koppenhofer, A.M. and Seshu Reddy, K.V. (1994) A comparison of rearing methods for the banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on its natural host. Insect Sci. Applic. 15, 191–195.Google Scholar
Lemaire, L. (1996) Les relations semiochimques chez le charancon Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) et la resistance de sa plante-hote, le bananier. PhD dissertation. Univ. of Montpellier. France. 268 pp.Google Scholar
Longoria, A. (1968) Diferencias sexuales en la morfologia externa de Cosmopolites sordidus Germar (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). Ciencias Biol., La Habana, Cuba. 1, 1–11.Google Scholar
Longoria, A.G.G. (1972) Crianza en el laboratorio y datos preliminares sobre el ciclo de vida de Cosmopolites sordidus Germar (Col. Curculionidae). Nota de las Ciencias Biologicas No. 30. Primer Seminario de Investigaciones de la Facultad de Ciencias. Centro de Informacion, Cuba.Google Scholar
Mitchell, G. (1978) The estimation of banana borer population and resistance levels. Tech. Bull. 2, WINBAN, St Lucia. 34 pp.Google Scholar
Montellano, B. (1954) Estudios biologicos del Cosmopolites sordidus Germar que infesta al rizoma de abaca. Tesis Mag. Agr. Turrialba, Costa Rica. IICA. 27 pp.Google Scholar
Nahif, A.A. (1998) Morphology, histology and histochemistry of the reproductive system of Cosmopolites sordidus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Part 2. The female internal genitalia. Unpublished manuscript. University of Bonn. Germany. 13 pp.Google Scholar
Roth, L. and Willis, E. (1963) The humidity behavior of Cosmopolites sordidus Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 56, 41–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rukazambuga, N.D.T.M. (1996) The effects of banana weevil (Cosmopolites sordidus Germar) on the growth and productivity of bananas (Musa AAA EA) and the influence of host vigour on attack. PhD thesis. Univ. of Reading, United Kingdom. 249 pp.Google Scholar
Rukazambuga, N.D.T.M., Gold, C.S. and Gowen, S.R. (1998) Yield loss in East African highland banana (Musa spp., AAA-EA group) caused by the banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus Germar. Crop Protection 17, 581–589.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
SAS Institute Inc. (1990) SAS/STAT User's Guide, Version 6, 4thEdition, V.II.Google Scholar
SAS Institute Inc. (1997) SAS/STAT Software: Changes and Enhancements through Release 6.12.Google Scholar
Schill, P. (1996) Final Report: Distribution, Economic Status, Ecology and Biological Control of Plantain Pests and Diseases in West and Central Africa with Emphasis on the Weevil Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar). July 1993-June 1996. IITA, Cotonou.Google Scholar
Traore, L., Gold, C.S., Boivin, G. and Pilon, J.G. (1996) Developpement postembryonnaire du charancon du bananier. Fruits 51, 105–113.Google Scholar
Traore, L., Gold, C.S., Pilon, J.G. and Boivin, G. (1993) Effects of temperature on embryonic development of banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus Germar. Afr. Crop Sci. J. 1, 111–116.Google Scholar
Treverrow, N.L. and Bedding, R.A. (1993) Development of a system for the control of the banana weevil borer, Cosmopolites sordidus with entompathogenic nematodes, pp. 41—47. In Nematodes and the Biological Control of Insect Pests (Edited by Bedding, R., Akhurst, R. and Kaya, H.). CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia.Google Scholar
Uzakah, R.P. (1995) The reproductive biology, behaviour and pheromones of the banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). PhD dissertation. Univ. of Ibadan, Nigeria. 177 pp.Google Scholar