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Comparison of Midgut Trypsin/Lectin Activities and Trypanosome Infection Rates in Three Glossina Species

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

J. A. Kongoro ,
E. O. Osir ,
M. O. Imbuga  and
N. O. Oguge
J. A. Kongoro
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P. O. Box 30772, Nairobi 00506, Kenya
E. O. Osir
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P. O. Box 30772, Nairobi 00506, Kenya
M. O. Imbuga
Affiliation:
Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), P. O. Box 6200, Nairobi; Kenya
N. O. Oguge
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Kenyatta University, P. O. Box 43844, Nairobi, Kenya
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Abstract

—Midgut trypsin and lectin levels were determined in three tsetse species, namely Glossina morsitans morsitans, G. longipennis and G. fuscipes fuscipes. In addition, the abilities of midgut homogenates prepared from these flies to transform bloodstream-form Trypanosoma brucei brucei and T. congolense were compared in vitro. In all the species examined, trypsin levels did not differ significantly up to 24 h post-bloodmeal. There were similar rates of transformation of the bloodstream-form trypanosomes into procyclic (midgut) forms in vivo, so that all species had similar levels of infection in the midgut. However, trypsin levels continued to increase beyond 24 h, reaching a peak between 48 and 72 h. The peak was lowest in G. m. morsitans. The midgut homogenates in this species also had the lowest levels of lectin. The species had the highest levels of mature T. congolense and T. brucei infections. We propose that the lower levels of peak midgut tryspin and lectin in G. m. morsitans is important in the establishment of trypanosome infections in this species of tsetse.

Résumé

—Nous avons déterminé les teneurs en trypsine et en lectine de l'intestin moyen de trois espèces de mouche tsétsé, à savoir Glossina morsitans morsitans, G. longipennis et G. fuscipes fuscipes. Nous avons en outre testé in vitro, les capacités de transformation des formes sanguines de Trypanosoma brucei brucei et T. congolense par les homogénats de l'intestin moyen. Chez toutes les espèces étudiées, les teneurs en trypsine ne different pas significativement pendant les 24 heures qui suivent la prise de sang. In vivo, on observe des taux similaires de transformations des formes sanguines des trypanosomes en formes procycliques (intestin moyen), suggérant que les trois espèces ont des niveaux d'infection comparables dans l'intestin moyen. Cependant, les teneurs en trypsine continuent à augmenter au-delà de 24 h et atteignent un pic entre 48 et 72 h. Le pic est plus bas chez G. m. morsitans. Chez cette espèce, nous constatons que les homogénats d'intestin moyen présentent les concentrations les plus faibles en lectine, alors que nous observons les plus fortes infections de formes mures de T. congolense et T. brucei. Ceci suggère qu'une faible valeur des pics de concentration en trypsine et en lectine de l'intestin moyen de G. m. morsitans est un facteur important pour l'établissement des infections de trypanosomes.

Keywords

Glossina speciestrypanosomessusceptibilitytrypsinslectinsespèce de mouches tsétsétrypanosomessensibilitétrypsinelectine
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 22 , Issue 4 , December 2002 , pp. 295 - 301
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2002

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