Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T19:35:41.087Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Assessment of the impact of chlorpyrifos resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus on a control scheme

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

C. F. Curtis ,
A. Keto ,
B. D. Ramji  and
I. Iosson
C. F. Curtis
Affiliation:
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WCIE 7HT, England
A. Keto
Affiliation:
Dar es Salaam City Council, P. O. Box 9084, Dar es Salaam
B. D. Ramji
Affiliation:
Muhimbili Medical Centre, P.O. Box 65011, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
I. Iosson
Affiliation:
Dow Chemical Co., King's Lynn, Norfolk, England
Get access

Abstract

A high level of resistance to chlorpyrifos has been detected in Culex quinquefasciatus larvae from Dar es Salaam. To study the impact of this resistance on the routine anti-larval spraying programme with this chemical, pit latrines, cess pits and soakage pits were examined regularly after spraying. Larvae were eliminated immediately after spraying, but in most cases they re-appeared about 2 weeks later. Bio-assays with susceptible and resistant larvae in water samples from the pits showed that in most cases there would have been sufficient insecticide residue for at least 10 weeks to kill a susceptible population, but resistant larvae could survive in the water from about 2 weeks after spraying. Chemical analysis showed that the water was toxic to resistant larvae so long as it contained about 0.02 mg/l chlorpyrifos. These observations might have suggested that the routine spraying programme every 10 weeks would be having very little impact on the population now that resistance has evolved. However, in fact, adult densities in houses in a year with spraying on schedule were much less than in years when many sprayings were missed owing to shortage of supplies. Thus the regular spraying programme still apppears to have a beneficial effect.

Type
Research Article
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 5 , Issue 4 , August 1984 , pp. 263 - 267
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1984

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Bang, Y. H., Sabuni, I. B. and Tonn, R. T. (1975) Integrated control of urban mosquitoes in Dar es Salaam using community sanitation supplemented by larviciding. E. Afr. med. J. 52, 578–588.Google Scholar
Curtis, C. F. (1980) Insect traps for pit latrines. Mosq. News 40, 626–628.Google Scholar
Curtis, C. F. and Pasteur, N. (1981) Organophosphate resistance in vector populations of the complex of Culex pipiens L. Bull. ent. Res. 71, 153–161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Curtis, C. F. and Suya, T. B. (1981) Variations in cytoplasmic incompatibility properties in Tanzanian populations of Culex quinquefasciatus. Ann. trop. Med. Parasit. 75, 101–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reiter, P. (1978) Expanded polystyrene balls: an idea for mosquito control. Ann. trop. Med. Parasit. 72, 595–596.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schaefer, C. H. and Dupras, E. F. (1970) Factors affecting the stability of Dursban in polluted waters. J. econ. Ent. 63, 701–705.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sinègre, G., Jullien, J. L. and Gaven, B. (1977) Acquisition progressive de la résistance au chlorpyrifos chez les larves de Culex pipiens dans le midi de la France. Parassitologia 19, 79–94.Google Scholar
Villani, F., White, G. B., Curtis, C. F. and Miles, S. J. (1983) Inheritance and activity of some esterases associated with organophosphate resistance in mosquitoes of the complex of Culex pipiens L. Bull. ent. Res. 73, 153–166.CrossRefGoogle Scholar