Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dlnhk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T00:45:26.502Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of Different Neem Formulations on the Twospotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, on Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Markus Knapp  and
Sophia Shaban Kashenge
Markus Knapp
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
Sophia Shaban Kashenge
Affiliation:
Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3000, Morogoro, Tanzania
Get access

Abstract

The effects of four different neem formulations (Neemros®, Neemroc EC®, Neemroc Combi and Saroneem) and a combination of Neemros® with a synthetic acaricide (Mitac®) on the twospotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) were compared with Mitac® on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) leaf discs in the laboratory, The following LC50 were determined: Neemroc EC® 12.9 ml/1, Saroneem 5.8 ml/1, Neemroc Combi 1.0 ml/1 and Mitac® + Neemros® 1 ml/1 + 17.6 g/1. No LC50 was determined for Neemros® since the highest mortality observed was 11.4 %. The combination of Mitac® and Neemros® resulted in the highest mortality after 24 hours (83.3 %), followed by Neemroc EC® (78.3 %), Saroneem (53.4 %), Mitac® (50.8 %), Neemroc Combi (38.9 %), the control (4.5 %) and Neemros® (0.0 %). All neem formulations also caused repellence and oviposition deterrence in T. urticae.

Résumé

L'effet de quatre formulations à base d'extrait de ‘neem’ (Neemros®, Neemroc EC®, Neemroc Combi et Saroneem) et d'un mélange de Neemros® avec un acaricide synthétique (Mitac®) a été comparé avec celui du Mitac® sur l'acarien vert (Tetranychus urticae Koch) en utilisant des disques foliaires de tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) au laboratoire. Les DL50 suivantes ont été obtenues: 12.9 ml/1 pour Neemroc EC®, 5.8 ml/1 pour Saroneem, 1.0 ml/1 pour Neemroc Combi et 1 ml/1 + 17.6 g/1 pour Mitac® + Neemros®. Aucune valeur de DL50 n'a pu être calculée pour le Neemros® car la plus forte mortalité enregistrée n'était que de 11.4%. Le Mitac® mélangé au Neemros a induit la plus forte mortalité (de 83.3%) après 24 heures, suivi du Neemroc EC® (de 78.3%), du Saroneem (de 53.4%), du Mitac® (de 50.8%), du Neemroc Combi (de 38.9%), du control (de 4.5%) et du Neemros® (de 0.0%). Toutes les formulations à base de ‘neem’ se sont également avérées acarofuges et dissuasives à l'oviposition pour T. urticae.

Keywords

twospotted spider miteTetranychus urticaetomatoLycopersicon esculentumneemAzadirachta indicarepellenceoviposition deterrenceacarien vertTetranychus urticaetomateLycopersicon esculentum‘neem’Azadirachta indicaacarofugedissuasif à l'oviposition
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 23 , Special Issue 1: Novel Approaches to Tick and Mite Management in Africa , March 2003 , pp. 1 - 7
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2003

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Agnello, A.M., Reissig, W.H. and Harris, T. (1994) Management of summer populations of European red mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) on apple with horticultural oils.. J. Earn. Entomol. 87, 148–161.Google Scholar
Dimetry, N.Z., Amer, S.A.A. and Reda, A.S. (1993) Biological activity of two neem seed kernel extracts against the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticele Koch. J. appi. Ent. 116, 308–312.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Finney, D.J. (1971) Probit Analysis. 3rd edition (repr.). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 333 pp.Google Scholar
Gould, F. (1991) Arthropod behaviour and the efficacy of plant protectants. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 36, 305–330.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hellpap, C. and Zebitz, C.P.W. (1986) Kombinierte Anwendung von Niem-Samen-Extrakt mit Bacillus thuringiensis-Produkten bei der Bekämpfung von Spodopterafrugiperda und Aedes togoi. J. Appi. Entomol. 101, 515–524.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
ICIPE (1998) ICIPE Annual Scientific Report 1995–1997. International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), Nairobi. 332 pp.Google Scholar
Jacobson, M. (1995) Toxicity to vertebrates, pp. 484–495. In The Neem Tree. Source of Unique Natural Products for Integrated Pest Management, Medicine, Industry and other Purposes (Edited by Schmutterer, H.). VCH, Weinheim.Google Scholar
Lundgren, L. (1975) Natural plant chemicals acting as oviposition deterrents on cabbage butterflies (Pieris brassicae (L.), P. rapae (L.) and P. napie (L.)). Zool. Ser. 4, 253–258.Google Scholar
Mansour, F.A. and Ascher, K.R.S. (1983) Effects of neem (Azadirachta indica) seed kernel extracts from different solvents on the carmine spider mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus. Phytoparasitica 11, 177–185.Google Scholar
Mansour, F.A. and Ascher, K.R.S. (1984) Effects of neem (Azadirachta indica) seed kernel extracts from different solvents on the carmine spider mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus, pp. 461–469. In Natural Pesticides from the Neem Tree and other Tropical Plants. Proceedings of the 2nd International Neem Conference, 25–28 May 1983, Rauischholzhausen, Germany (Edited by Schmutterer, H. and Ascher, K.R.S.). GTZ, Eschborn.Google Scholar
Mansour, F.A. and Ascher, K.R.S. (1995) Acarina, mites, pp. 161–166. In The Neem Tree. Source of Unique Natural Products for Integrated Pest Management, Medicine, Industry and other Purposes (Edited by Schmutterer, H.). VCH, Weinheim.Google Scholar
Sanguanpong, V. and Schmutterer, H. (1992) Laborversuche über die Wirkungen von Niemöl und Niemsamenextrakten bei der gemeinen Spinnmilbe Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Z. Pflkrankh. Pflschutz 99, 637–646.Google Scholar
Sachs, L. (1997) Angewandte Statistik. 8th Edition. Springer; Berlin, Heidelberg, New York. XXXIV + 884 pp.Google Scholar
SAS Institute (1990) SAS/STAT Users Guide. Version 6, 4th Edition, Vol. 2. SAS Institute, Carey, NC.Google Scholar
Schauer, M. and Schmutterer, H. (1982) Effects of neem kernel extracts on the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, pp. 259–266. In Natural Pesticides from the Neem Tree (Azadirachta indica A. juss). Proceedings of the 1st International Neem Conference, 16–18 June 1980, Rottach-Egern, Germany (Edited by Schmutterer, H.). GTZ, Eschborn.Google Scholar
Schmutterer, H. (1995) Side effects on beneficiais and other ecologically important non-target organisms, pp. 495–517. In The Neem Tree. Source of Unique Natural Products for Integrated Pest Management, Medicine, Industry and other Purposes (Edited by Schmutterer, H.). VCH, Weinheim.Google Scholar
Schmutterer, H. and Singh, R.P. (1995) List of insect pests susceptible to neem products, pp. 326–365. In The Neem Tree. Source of Unique Natural Products for Integrated Pest Management, Medicine, Industry and other Purposes (Edited by Schmutterer, H.). VCH, Weinheim.Google Scholar
Sitaramaiah, S., Ramaprasad, G. and Joshi, B.G. (1986) Efficacy of diflubenzuron and neem seed kernel suspension against the tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura, in tobacco nurseries. Phytoparasitica 14, 265–271.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sundaram, K.M.S. and Sloane, L. (1995) Effects of pure and formulated azadirachtin, a neem based biopesticide, on the phytophagous spider mite, Tetranychns urticae Koch. J. Environ. Hlth 30, 801–814.Google Scholar
Walter, J.F. (1999) Adjuvents, activators and synergists. Do additives improve the activity of azadirachtin?, pp. 47–56. In Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Proceedings of the International Neem Conference, Gatton College, University of Queensland, Gatton, Australia, 4–9 February 1996 (Edited by Singh, R.P. and Saxena, R.C.). Oxford & IBH Publishing Co Ptv. Ltd., New Delhi & Calcutta.Google Scholar