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The effect of host larvae on three Psyttalia species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), parasitoids of fruit-infesting flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2007

M.K. Billah ,
S. Kimani-Njogu ,
W.A. Overholt ,
R.A. Wharton ,
D.D. Wilson  and
M.A. Cobblah
M.K. Billah*
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya Department of Zoology, University of Ghana, Box LG 67, Legon-Accra, Ghana
S. Kimani-Njogu
Affiliation:
Species2000 Project, University of Reading, UK
W.A. Overholt
Affiliation:
Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida,Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA
R.A. Wharton
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, 77843 Texas, USA
D.D. Wilson
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Ghana, Box LG 67, Legon-Accra, Ghana
M.A. Cobblah
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Ghana, Box LG 67, Legon-Accra, Ghana
*
*E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Three species of fruit fly parasitoids, Psyttalia concolor (Szépligeti), Psyttalia cosyrae (Wilkinson) and Psyttalia lounsburyi (Silvestri) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) were reared on different host larvae to determine the effects of host species, size and colour on parasitoid development. Ovipositor, ovipositor sheath and hind tibia lengths were found to be different for progenies from preferred and non-preferred host larvae. Ratios of ovipositor–tibia and ovipositor sheath–tibia showed no difference when P. concolor was reared on a bigger host (Ceratitis cosyra) (Walker) (Diptera: Tephritidae), whereas rearing P. cosyrae on a smaller host (C. capitata) (Wiedemann) showed significant differences. Comparison of the linear measurements, ratios and number of flagellomeres of parasitoids reared on preferred hosts, separated the species into their natural groupings. When reared on a different-coloured host, P. lounsburyi lost its dark markings but other characters remained unchanged. Morphometric analysis also indicated differences between parasitoids reared on preferred host larvae and those reared on non-preferred host larvae. Rearing parasitoids on larvae other than their preferred hosts resulted in colour and size changes, and thus, these characters alone were not reliable for the identification of parasitoids. This is especially important in post-release sampling surveys to ascertain establishment of the parasitoids in new environments where they may adapt to new host species.

Keywords

PsyttaliaCeratitisparasitoidsfruit flieshost larvaeflagellomeres
Type
Research Article
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 25 , Issue 3 , September 2005 , pp. 168 - 175
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2005

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