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Current Status and Management of Insect Vectors of Rice Yellow Mottle Virus (RYMV) in Africa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

E. E. Nwilene
E. E. Nwilene
Affiliation:
West Africa Rice Development Association (WARDA/ADRAO), 01 BP 2551, Bouaké 01, Côte d'Ivoire, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV) is one of the most economically damaging diseases of rice in sub-Saharan Africa. It is found only in Africa and the surrounding islands, where it is transmitted by insect vectors such as Tricliispa sericea Guérin, Chaetocnema piala Chapius and Sesselia pusilla Gerst., (all Coleoptera) respectively within the subfamilies Hispinae, Halticinae and Galerucinae of the Chrysomelidae; Chnootriba (= Epilachna) similis Thunberg (Coleoptera: Coccinelidae); and Conocephahis longipennis de Haan (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae). These vectors are leaf-feeders with biting mouthparts and are abundantly present on rice and grasses in irrigated lowland fields. Transmission of RYMV is mechanical as a result of feeding damage. However, the dynamics of virus spread and the role of the vector is poorly understood. A better understanding of RYMV epidemiology requires information on the distribution, biology, host range, nature of damage, and management strategies of the vectors. It is hoped that this review will be a useful source of information in the further development of integrated pest/disease management (IPM)in rice.

Résumé

La panachure jaune (RYMV) est l'une des maladies les plus dévastatrices sur le plan économique en Afrique sub-saharienne. L'on la rencontre uniquement en Afrique et dans les îles avoisantes, où elle se transmet par des insectes vecteurs tels que Trichispa sericea Guérin, Chaetocnema pulla Chapius et Sesselia pusilla Gerst, tous coleoptères chrysomélides rentrant respectivement dans les sous-familles Hispinae, Halticinae et Galerucinae; Chnootriba (= Epilachna) similis Thunberg (Coleoptera: Coccinelidae); et Conocephalus longipennis de Haan (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae). Ces vecteurs se nourrissant de feuilles, disposent de pièces buccales broyeuses et sont présents en abondance sur le riz et l'herbe dans les champs irrigués des bas-fonds. La transmission du RYMV est mécanique et résulte des dégâts causés par les vecteurs lors de leur prise de repas. Cependant, très peu d'informations sont disponibles sur la dynamique de distribution du virus et le rôle du vecteur. Pour mieux comprendre l'épidémiologie du RYMV, il faudrait davantage d'informations sur la distribution, la biologie, la gamme d'hôtes, la nature des dégâts et les stratégies de gestion des vecteurs. L'on espère que cette synthèse des travaux effectués constituera une source importante d'informations dans le cadre du développement futur de la gestion intégrée du déprédateur/de la maladie (IPM), dans le secteur du riz.

Keywords

RYMVinsect vectorsricehost rangedistributionbiologyvector damagemanagement strategiesRYMVinsectes vecteursrizgamme d'hôtesdistributionbiologiedégâts causés par le vecteurstratégies de gestion
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 19 , Issue 2-3 , September 1999 , pp. 179 - 185
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1999

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