Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T05:19:13.675Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Assessment of Grain Yield Losses in Pearl Millet Due to the Millet Stemborer, Coniesta ignefusalis (Hampson)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Aissetou Drame-Yaye ,
Ousmane Youm  and
Jonathan N. Ayertey
Aissetou Drame-Yaye
Affiliation:
Faculté d'Agronomie, Université Abdou Moumouni, BP 12040 Niamey, Niger
Ousmane Youm*
Affiliation:
ICRISAT Sahelian Centre, BP 12404, Niamey, Niger
Jonathan N. Ayertey
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 44, Legon Accra, Ghana
*
E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Studies were conducted at the ICRISAT Sahelian Centre, Niger, to assess damage and yield loss by the millet stemborer, Coniesta ignefusalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Brown. Although 78% of stems were infested, late attack by the millet stemborer on millet plants resulted in bored stems yielding more than unbored ones. Artificial infestations with 5 and 10 larvae per plant at 2 weeks after plant emergence (WAE) resulted in 50 to 70% plants with deadhearts and 24 to 100% avoidable yield loss. At 4 weeks after plant emergence, infestations with 5 larvae and 10 larvae per plant resulted in 7% increase in yield and 16% yield loss, respectively. Therefore, both the age of plant and density of borer population at the time of infestation can influence resulting stemborer damage and yield loss on pearl millet.

Résumé

Des études ont été menées à l'ICRISAT Centre Sahélien de Niamey au Niger pour évaluer le niveau de dégâts et les pertes de récolte causés sur Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Brown, par le foreur des tiges de mil, Coniesta ignefusalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Les résultats ont montré que les attaques tardives du foreur n'étaient pas préjudiciables à la production de grains, puisque dans les champs de mil où 78% des plants étaient naturellement infestés, les pieds attaqués ont produit plus de grains que les pieds sains. Les infestations artificielles deux semaines après l'apparition des plants, avec 5 et 10 larves par pied ont causé respectivement 50 et 70% de dessèchement des sommités et 24 et 100% de perte de récolte. Par contre les mêmes taux d'infestation artificielle appliqués quatre semaines après l'apparition des plants, ont donné respectivement 7% d'augmentation de récolte et 16% de perte de récolte. Par conséquent, aussi bien la période que le taux d'infestation sont importants et peuvent influencer le niveau de dégâts et les pertes de rendement dus au foreur des tiges de mil.

Keywords

Coniesta ignefusalisstemborermilletPennisetumyield lossWest AfricaConiesta ignefusalisforeur de tigesmilPennisetumperte de récolteAfrique de l'Ouest
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 23 , Issue 3 , September 2003 , pp. 259 - 265
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2003

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Ajayi, O. (1990) Possibilities for integrated control of the millet stem borer Acigona ignefusalis Hampson (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Nigeria. Insect Sci. Applic. 11, 109–117.Google Scholar
Ajayi, O. and Uvah, I. I. (1989) Review of research on millet entomology in Nigeria. In Regional Pearl Millet Workshop, ICRISAT-IAR/ABU Samaru, Zaria, Nigeria, 15–19 Aug. 1988. IAR, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria and International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India. 10 pp.Google Scholar
Chiarappa, L. (Ed.) (1981) Crop Loss Assessment Methods. Supplement 3. Rome, FAO, 123 pp.Google Scholar
Flattery, K. E. (1982) An assessment of pest damage on grain sorghum in Botswana. Exp. Agric. 18, 319–328.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gahukar, R. T. (1990) Population ecology of Acigona ignefusalis Hampson (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Senegal. Environ. Entomol. 19, 13–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, K. M. (1962) Lepidopterous stem borers of cereals in Nigeria. Bull. Entomol. Res. 53, 139–171.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leuschner, K., Taneja, S. L. and Sharma, H. C. (1985) The role of host plant resistance in pest management in sorghum in India. Insect Sci. Applic. 6, 453–460.Google Scholar
Natural Resources Institute (NRI) (1993) Millet croploss assessment methods. Bulletin 62. NRI, UK.Google Scholar
Nwanze, K. F. (1988) Assessment of on-farm losses in millets due to insect pests. Insect Sci. Applic. 9, 673–677.Google Scholar
SAS Institute (1987) User's Guide: Statistics. SAS Institute, Cary, N.C.Google Scholar
Seshu Reddy, K. V. (1988) Assessment of on farm yield loss in sorghum due to insect pests. Insect Sci. Applic. 9, 679–685.Google Scholar
Seshu Reddy, K. V. and Sum, K. O. S. (1991) Determination of economic injury level of the stem borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) in maize, Zea mays L. Insect Sci. Applic. 12, 269–274.Google Scholar
Seshu Reddy, K. V. and Walker, P. T. (1990) A review of the yield losses in graminaceous crops caused by Chilo spp. Insect Sci. Applic. 11, 563–569.Google Scholar
Setamou, M., Schulthess, F., Bosque-Perez, N. A. and Odjo, T. (1993) The effects of plant nitrogen and silica on the bionomics of Sesamia calamistis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Bull. Entomol. Res. 83, 405–411.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taneja, S. L. and Leuschner, K. (1985) Methods of rearing, infestation and evaluation for Chilo partellus resistance in sorghum, pp. 175–188. In Proceedings of the international Sorghum Entomology Workshop, 15–21 July 1984, Texa A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA. International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, India.Google Scholar
Taneja, S. L. and Nwanze, K. F. (1989) Assessment of yield loss of sorghum and pearl millet due to stem borer damage. In International Workshop on Sorghum Stem Borers, ICRISAT (International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics), 17–20 Nov. 1987. International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, India. 6 pp.Google Scholar
Teng, P. S. (Ed.) (1987) Crop loss assessment and pest management. The American Phytopathol. Soc. 270 pp. APS Press.Google Scholar
Walker, P. T. (1981) The relation between infestation by lepidopterous stem borers and yield in maize: Methods and results. Eppo bulletin 11, 101–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, P. T. (1983) Crop losses: The need to quantify the effects of pests, diseases, and weeds on agricultural production. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 9, 119–158.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Youm, O. (1990) Evaluation of natural enemies associated with the millet stalk borer Hambachia ignefusalis (Hampson) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Niger. 145 pp. PhD dissertation, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.Google Scholar
Youm, O. and Beevor, P. S. (1995) Field evaluation of pheromone-baited traps for Coniesta ignefusalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Niger. J. Econ. Entomol. 88, 65–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Youm, O. and Gilstrap, F. E. (1993) A note on the bioecology of the millet stem borer Coniesta (=Haimbachia) ignefusalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Niger. Samaru J. Agric. Res. 10, 97–104.Google Scholar
Youm, O., Mamalo, A. K. and Nwanze, K. F. (1993) Bioecology and integrated management of the millet stem borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae): A review and current research at the ICRISAT Sahelian Centre, pp. 55–63. In Proceedings of the Regional Pearl Millet Workshop, 19–21 September, 1990 (Edited by Youm, O. and Kumar, K. A.). ICRISAT Sahelian Centre, BP 12404, Niamey, Niger. Pearl Millet Improvement Program, ICRISAT Sahelian Center, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics.Google Scholar