The role of Health technology assessment (HTA) as a systematic approach in the evaluation of health interventions and technologies is becoming increasingly important as the quest for attaining universal health coverage globally continues to increase. Some developed countries in Europe and the Americas now apply HTA extensively in healthcare policy decisions, however, developing regions and countries like sub-Saharan Africa and Nigeria respectively, seem not to be making significant progress in this area. Given that evidence suggests that Nigeria and indeed several countries in sub-Saharan Africa are performing poorly on most healthcare indices as the region continues to be ravaged by predictable and avoidable epidemics and disease outbreaks, the need to build HTA capacity has never been more paramount.

A review of HTA capability in Nigeria was done. Pharmacists in Nigeria's Capital were randomly sampled. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered. Descriptive statistics was used in data analysis. P values less than 0.05 were considered to be significant.

In Nigeria, there is no institution tasked with undertaking HTA and there seems to be limited knowledge, capacity and awareness on the issue. Pharmacists, being the most accessible healthcare professionals according to evidence, are a key group that could play an active role in HTA and its implementation in developing countries like Nigeria. However, out of 322 pharmacists randomly sampled, ninty-three percent were not aware of HTA and its application in healthcare decision-making.

There is no paucity of healthcare programs and plans in Nigeria but they seem to fail due to lack of evidence-based assessment, decision-making and implementation. Hence, there is increasing need to raise awareness on the importance of HTA in healthcare decision-making; strengthen HTA capacity by developing and sustaining institutional capacity and adequate human resource for HTA; and creating regional annexes of HTA organizations in Africa.