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The Struggle for Dayr Al-Zur: The Determination of Borders Between Syria and Iraq

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 January 2009

Eliezer Tauber
Eliezer Tauber
Affiliation:
Department Of General History Bar-Ilan University
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Abstract

When World War I ended and the political map of the Middle East was redrawn, the ruler-straight borders separating the Fertile Crescent countries were not determined wholly in Europe, when the mandates were divided between Britain and France, as is commonly believed. The border between Syria and Iraq was determined between 1918 and 1920, when Iraqi officers serving in the Syrian army brought about the annexation of regions originally designated for British-occupied Iraq to Faysal 's Arab government in Syria.

Type
Research Article
Information
International Journal of Middle East Studies , Volume 23 , Issue 3 , August 1991 , pp. 361 - 385
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1991

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67 FO 371/5129: tX8400, GOC Mesopotamia to WO, 22 March 1920; letter 152/5422(M12), J. A. Corcoran (WO) to Under Secretary of State (FO), 27 March 1920; letter, FO to WO, 6 April 1920.

68 FO 371/5129: d239S, [Syrian Government] (Damascus) to British Liaison Officer (Damascus), 29 February 1920, enclosed with dFO31 (CPO402), Meinertzhagen to FO, 9 March 1920. FO 371/5128: tEA3008, GHQ Cairo to GOC-in-C Mesopotamia, 8 March 1920. Bell, , Review, pp. 137–38Google Scholar; Wilson, , Mesopotamia, p. 236Google Scholar; al-Baṣīr, , Tārīkh, p. 128.Google Scholar

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74 Talʿafar was a small town westward of Mosul. At the beginning of June 1920, its inhabitants, with the assistance of the Iraqi officers of al-ʿAhd al-ʿIraqi, started a revolt against the British.

75 CO 696/3: “Administration Report of the Dulaim Division for the Year 1920,” p. 1.

76 FO 371/5130: t7392, Civil Commissioner to IO, 18 June 1920.

77 Al-Baṣīr, Tārīkh, p. 116. For a similar version see United States Department of State, Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States: The Paris Peace Conference, 1919 (Washington, D.C., 1942–1947), vol. XII, p. 782.Google Scholar

78 Al-Suwaydī, , Mudhakkirātī, p. 70.Google Scholar

79 al-Baṣīr, , Tārīkh, p. 128.Google Scholar

80 Al-Talʿafarī, Thawrat, p. 418. On the fact that the Iraqis perceived the Dayr al-Zur region in Ottoman times as Iraqi, although administratively it was, in fact, an independent sanjaq, see the beginning of this article.