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Notes and Comments

The Inflationary Process of the Iranian Economy: A Rejoinder

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 January 2009

Kamran M. Dadkhah
Kamran M. Dadkhah
Affiliation:
Department of Economics Northeastern University
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Notes and Comments
Information
International Journal of Middle East Studies , Volume 19 , Issue 3 , August 1987 , pp. 388 - 391
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1987

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References

NOTES

1 Sims, C. A., “Money, Income, and Causality”, American Economic Review, 62 (1972), 540–52.Google Scholar

2 Haugh, L. D., The Interdependence of Time Series Interrelationships with Special Reference to Dynamic Regression, Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1972;Google Scholar see also Pierce, D. A. and Haugh, L. D., ”Causality in Temporal Systems, Characterizations and a Survey”, Journal of Econometrics, 5 (1977), 265–93;CrossRefGoogle Scholar and Evans, L. and Wells, G., “Pierce and Haugh on Characterization of Causality: A Reexamination”, Journal of Econometrics, 23 (1983), 331–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

3 Granger, C. W. J., “Investigating Causal Relations by Econometric Models and Cross Spectral Methos”, Econometrica, 37 (1969), 428–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

4 Zellner, A., “Causality in Econometrics”, in Brunner, K. and Meltzer, A., eds., Carnegie Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, vol. 10 (1979), 9–54.Google Scholar

5 Sims, C. A., “Exogeneity and Causal Ordering in Macroeconometric Models”, in Sims, C. A., ed., New Methods in Business Cycle Research (Minneapolis, 1977).Google Scholar

6 Greenberg, E. and Webster, C. E. Jr, Advanced Econometrics: A Bridge to Literature, New York, Wiley (1983), p. 155.Google Scholar

7 Barnard, G. A., “Causation” in Kotz, S., Johnson, N. L. and Read, C. B., eds., Encyclopedia of Statistical Sciences, Vol. I (New York, 1982), p. 389.Google Scholar

8 For our purpose here we cannot use the IMF data, because the IMF series goes back only to 1948 and does not provide enough observations. The difference between IMF and Bank Markazi data, aside from some slight definitional differences, is due to Bank Markazi's data pertaining to the Iranian year and IMF data pertaining to the Gregorian year (more precisely, from December 21 of one year to December 20 of the next). It should be noted that IMF data are based on Bank Markazi's data, and the two series are closely correlated.

9 See Geweke, J., Meese, R., and Dent, W., “Comparing Alternative Tests of Causality in Temporal Systems, Analytical Results and Experimental Evidence”, Journal of Econometrics, 21 (1983), 161–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar