Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T01:04:43.463Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A fully-textile wideband AMC-backed antenna for wristband WiMAX and medical applications

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 October 2020

Mohamed El Atrash Open the ORCID record for Mohamed El Atrash [Opens in a new window] ,
Mahmoud A. Abdalla Open the ORCID record for Mahmoud A. Abdalla [Opens in a new window]  and
Hadia M. Elhennawy Open the ORCID record for Hadia M. Elhennawy [Opens in a new window]
Mohamed El Atrash*
Affiliation:
Department of Electronics and Communications, Ain Shams University, Abbasseya, Cairo, Egypt
Mahmoud A. Abdalla
Affiliation:
Department of Electronic Engineering, Electromagnetic Waves Group, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt
Hadia M. Elhennawy
Affiliation:
Department of Electronics and Communications, Ain Shams University, Abbasseya, Cairo, Egypt
*
Author for correspondence: Mohamed El Atrash, E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Proposed is a wideband, low profile, fully flexible, and all-textile-based slotted triangular antenna loaded with a 2 × 2 textile-inspired artificial magnetic conductor to be worn on the wrist. The integrated antenna design is designed to cover the frequency band from 3.1 to 6.5 GHz. The integrated design has two main resonances, where the first one is at 3.5 GHz, which can serve the WiMAX communication standard, while the second is at 5.8 GHz, which can serve the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM)-band. The incorporated textile materials are composed of the conductive and dielectric fabrics that are realized by ShieldIt and Felt, respectively. When simulated against the human model wrist, the integrated antenna design displayed a realized gain of 6.71 dBi and radiation efficiency of 79.1%, at 3.5 GHz. Furthermore, at 5.8 GHz, it displayed a realized gain of 7.82 dBi and total efficiency performances of 66.1%. Moreover, it accomplished very low SAR levels within the antenna frequency band. Averaged over 1 g of tissue, it exhibited maximum SAR levels of 3.28 × 10−6 and 9.37 × 10−7 W/kg at 3.5 and 5.8 GHz, respectively. For the bent scenarios, the integrated antenna design displayed robustness when bent at an angle of 20 and 40°. Finally, measurement results are illustrated and analyzed. Based on the presented results, the suggested all-textile integrated antenna design might be designated for integration with the wristband to monitor the user health conditions through many possible frequency channels.

Keywords

Artificial magnetic conductorlow SARtextilewearable applicationswidebandWiMAX
Type
Antenna Design, Modelling and Measurements
Information
International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies , Volume 13 , Special Issue 6: EuMW 2020 Special Issue: Part I , July 2021 , pp. 624 - 633
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with the European Microwave Association

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Hall, PS and Hao, Y (2012) Antennas and Propagation for Body-Centric Wireless Communications. Norwood, MA, USA: Artech House.Google Scholar
Gao, G-P, Hu, B, Wang, S-F and Yang, C (2018) Wearable circular ring slot antenna with EBG structure for wireless body area network. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 17, 1–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mersani, A, Osman, L and Ribero, J-M (2018) Performance of dual-band AMC antenna for wireless local area network applications. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation 12, 872–878.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alemaryeen, A and Noghanian, S (2018) On-body low-profile textile antenna with artificial magnetic conductor. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation 12, 627–635.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ashyap, AYI, Abidin, ZZ, Dahlan, SH, Majid, HA, Mohd Shah, S, Kamarudin, MR and Alomainy, A (2017) Compact and low-profile textile EBG-based antenna for wearable medical applications. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 16, 2550–2553.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gao, G-P, Yang, C, Hu, B, Zhang, R-F and Wang, S-F (2019) A wearable PIFA with an all-textile metasurface for 5 GHz WBAN applications. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 18, 288–292.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hong, Y, Tak, J and Choi, J (2016) An all-textile SIW cavity-backed circular ring-slot antenna for WBAN applications. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 15, 1995–1999.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gao, G-P, Yang, C, Hu, B, Zhang, R-F and Wang, S-F (2019) A wide-bandwidth wearable all-textile PIFA with dual resonance modes for 5 GHz WLAN applications. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 67, 4206–4211.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, H, Tak, J and Choi, J (2017) Wearable antenna integrated into military berets for indoor/outdoor positioning system. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 16, 1919–1922.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xiaomu, H, Yan, S and Vandenbosch, GAE (2017) Wearable button antenna for dual-band WLAN applications with combined on and off-body radiation patterns. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 65, 1384–1387.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yan, S, Volskiy, V and Vandenbosch, GAE (2017) Compact dual-band textile PIFA for 433-MHz / 2.4-GHz ISM bands. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 16, 2436–2439.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, SJ, Kaufmann, T, Ranasinghe, DC and Fumeaux, C (2016) A modular textile antenna design using snap-on buttons for wearable applications. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 64, 894–903.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poffelie, LAY, Soh, PJ, Yan, S and Vandenbosch, GAE (2016) A high-fidelity all-textile UWB antenna with low back radiation for off-body WBAN applications. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 64, 757–760.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yan, S and Vandenbosch, GAE (2016) Radiation pattern-reconfigurable wearable antenna based on metamaterial structure. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 15, 1715–1718.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hu, B, Gao, G-P, He, L-L, Cong, X-D and Zhao, J-N (2016) Bending and on-arm effects on a wearable antenna for 2.45 GHz body area network. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 15, 378–381.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paraskevopoulos, A, Fonseca, D dS, Seager, RD, Whittow, WG, Vardaxoglou, JC and Alexandridis, AA (2016) Higher-mode textile patch antenna with embroidered vias for on-body communication. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation 10, 802–807.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yan, S, Soh, PJ and Vandenbosch, GAE (2015) Wearable dual-band magneto-electric dipole antenna for WBAN/WLAN applications. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 63, 4165–4169.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yan, S, Soh, PJ and Vandenbosch, GAE (2015) Compact all-textile dual-band antenna loaded with metamaterial inspired structure. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 14, 1486–1489.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, F-X, Kaufmann, T, Xu, Z and Fumeaux, C (2015) Wearable applications of quarter-wave patch and half-mode cavity antennas. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 14, 1478–1481.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tak, J and Choi, J (2015) An all-textile Louis Vuitton logo antenna. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 14, 1211–1214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
El Atrash, M, Abdalla, MA and Elhennawy, HM (2019) A wearable dual-band low profile high gain low SAR antenna AMC-backed for WBAN applications. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 67, 6378–6388.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
El Atrash, M, Abdalla, MA and Elhennawy, HM (2019) Gain enhancement of a compact thin flexible reflector-based asymmetric meander line antenna with low SAR. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation 13, 827–832.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zahran, SR, Abdalla, MA and Gaafar, A (2019) New thin wide-band bracelet-like antenna with low SAR for on-arm WBAN applications. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation 13, 1219–1225.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jiang, ZH, Cui, Z, Yue, T, Zhu, Y and Werner, DH (2017) Compact, highly efficient, and fully flexible circularly polarized antenna enabled by silver nanowires for wireless body-area networks. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems 11, 920–932.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Simorangkir, RBVB, Kiourti, A and Esselle, KP (2018) UWB Wearable antenna with full ground plane based on PDMS-embedded conductive fabric. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 17, 493–496.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sabban, A (2019) Novel Wearable Antennas for Communication and Medical Systems. Boca Raton, Florida, United States: CRC Press LLC.Google Scholar
Sangeetha, V, Sundarsingh, EF, Kanagasabai, M, Sarma, AK, Sivasamy, CRR and Pakkathillam, JK (2015) Dual-band EBG integrated monopole antenna deploying fractal geometry for wearable applications. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 14, 249–252.Google Scholar
Sen, Y, Soh, PJ and Vandenbosch, GAE (2015) Dual-band textile MIMO antenna based on substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) technology. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 63, 4640–4647.Google Scholar
Lu, WK, Chang, H-J, Wang, C-Y and Wang, S-Y (2020) Very-low-profile grounded coplanar waveguide-fed dual-band WLAN slot antenna for on-body antenna application. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 19, 213–217.Google Scholar
Simorangkir, RBVB, Yang, Y, Matekovits, L and Esselle, KP (2017) Dual-band dual-mode textile antenna on PDMS substrate for body-centric communications. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 16, 677–680.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simone, G, Costa, F, Fanciulli, F and Monorchio, A (2016) Wearable inkjet-printed wideband antenna by using miniaturized AMC for sub-GHz applications. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 15, 1927–1930.Google Scholar
Padmathilagam, S, Kanagasabai, M, Ramadoss, S, Natarajan, R, Alsath, GN, Shanmuganathan, S, Muthuramalingam, S and Palaniswamy, SK (2020) Compact monopole antenna backed with fork slotted EBG for wearable applications. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 19, 228–232.Google Scholar
Amor, S, Iqbal, A, Alazemi, AJ, Waly, MI, Ghayoula, R and Kim, S (2020) Wideband wearable antenna for biomedical telemetry applications. IEEE Access 8, 15687–15694.Google Scholar
Alqadami, ASM, Trong, NN, Mohammed, B, Stancombe, AE, Tobias Heitzmann, M and Abbosh, A (2020) Compact unidirectional conformal antenna based on flexible high permittivity custom-made substrate for wearable wideband electromagnetic head imaging system. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 68, 183–194.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zahran, SR, Abdalla, MA and Gaafar, A (2019) A flexible wide band single fed slot antenna with circular polarizing rotated elliptical ground and impulse response. International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 11, 872–884.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sievenpiper, DF, Zhang, L, Broas, RFJ, Alexopolous, NG and Yablonovitch, E (1999) High-impedance electromagnetic surfaces with a forbidden frequency band. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 47, 2059–2074.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
El Atrash, M, Abdalla, MA and Elhennawy, HM (2020) A compact flexible textile artificial magnetic conductor based wearable monopole antenna for low specific absorption rate wrist applications. International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies, 1–7, in press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
El Atrash, M, Abdalgalil, OF, Mahmoud, IS, Abdalla, MA and Zahran, SR (2020) Wearable high gain low SAR antenna loaded with backed all-textile EBG for WBAN applications. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation 14, 791–799.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
El Atrash, M, Abdalla, MA and Elhennawy, HM (2020) A compact highly efficient Π-section CRLH antenna loaded with textile AMC for wireless body area network applications. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 1–10, in press.Google Scholar
Mengjun, W, Ze, Y, Jianfei, W, Jianhui, B, Jianying, L, Lulu, C, Tao, D, Hongxing, Z and Erping, L (2018) Investigation of SAR reduction using flexible antenna with metamaterial structure in wireless body area network. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 66, 3076–3086.Google Scholar
Specification Sheet – ShieldIt Super LessEMF Inc (2013).Google Scholar
Specification Sheet – Felt Sheet RS Components Inc (2013).Google Scholar
Rita, S, Caroline, L, Ricardo, G and Pedro, P (2012) Textile materials for the design of wearable antennas: a survey. Sensors 12, 15841–15857.Google Scholar
Dielectric properties of body tissues. Available at http://niremf.ifac.cnr.it/tissprop/ (Accessed 02 August 2020).Google Scholar