Hostname: page-component-669899f699-qzcqf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-04-25T07:19:32.107Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Dual-band high isolation eight element MIMO antenna using self decoupling technique for 5G smartphone

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 November 2024

Soumik Dey  and
Sukomal Dey Open the ORCID record for Sukomal Dey [Opens in a new window]
Soumik Dey
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kerala, India
Sukomal Dey*
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Kerala, India
*
Corresponding author: Sukomal Dey; Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Massive multiple input–multiple output (MIMO) antenna is required to meet the high data transmission rate in the current 5G and future 6G mobile communication. This paper presents a novel eight-port dual-band MIMO antenna operated within the 5G new radios N77 and N79 band. The designed MIMO incorporates a self-decoupling method to obtain high isolation of 22.96 and 25 dB at the two resonances 3.48 and 4.92 GHz, respectively. The basic antenna element consists of coupling between a staircase slot and a half-wavelength size loop branch. Additionally, an inverted U-shaped microstrip section is integrated with the radiating unit to serve the purpose of self-decoupling operation. The eight antennas are symmetrically located on the two narrow substrates (of size 5.8 × 150 mm2) as a pair of four arrays. The narrow substrates make the metal rim of the 5.5″ display mobile smartphone. The designed MIMO is practically realized and experimentally tested to validate the working mechanism. The envelope correlation coefficient and peak channel capacity are obtained as 0.174 and 35.5 bps/Hz in the lower frequency and 0.069 and 39.1 bps/Hz in the higher frequency.

Keywords

5G smartphoneantenna arraycoupled resonatordual-bandfifth generation (5G) communicationmultiple input–multiple output (MIMO)self-decoupling
Type
Research Paper
Information
International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies , Volume 16 , Special Issue 10: Swedish microwave days 2023 , December 2024 , pp. 1756 - 1771
Check for updates
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with The European Microwave Association.

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Nam, Y-H, Ng, BL, Sayana, K, Li, Y, Zhang, J, Kim, Y, Lee, J (2013) Full-dimension MIMO (FD-MIMO) for next generation cellular technology. IEEE Communications Magazine 51(6), 172–179.Google Scholar
Hussain, R, Alreshaid, AT, Podilchak, SK and Sharawi, MS (2017) Compact 4G mimo antenna integrated with a 5G array for current and future mobile handsets. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation 11(2), 271–279.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roslan, SF, Kamarudin, MR, Khalily, M and Jamaluddin, MH (2014) An MIMO rectangular dielectric resonator antenna for 4G applications. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 13, 321–324.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jha, KR and Sharma, SK (2018) Combination of MIMO antennas for handheld devices [wireless corner]. IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine 60(1), 118–131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sharawi, MS, Numan, AB, Khan, MU and Aloi, DN (2012) A dual-element dual-band MIMO antenna system with enhanced isolation for mobile terminals. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 11, 1006–1009.Google Scholar
Kumar, S, Dixit, AS, Malekar, RR, Raut, HD and Shevada, LK (2020) Fifth generation antennas: A comprehensive review of design and performance enhancement techniques. IEEE Access 8, 163568–163593.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hong, W, Jiang, ZH, Yu, C, Hou, D, Wang, H, Guo, C, Hu, Y, Kuai, L, Yu, Y, Jiang, Z and Chen, Z (2021) The role of millimeter-wave technologies in 5G/6G wireless communications. IEEE Journal of Microwaves 1(1), 101–122.Google Scholar
Wang, C, Li, E and Sievenpiper, DF (2017) Surface-wave coupling and antenna properties in two dimensions. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 65(10), 5052–5060.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deng, H and Zhu, L (2023) Systematic design method for mutual coupling reduction in closely spaced patch antennas. IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation 4, 349–360.Google Scholar
Yang, X, Liu, Y, Xu, Y-X and Gong, S-X (2017) Isolation enhancement in patch antenna array with fractal UC-EBG structure and cross slot. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 16, 2175–2178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alibakhshikenari, M, Khalily, M, Virdee, BS, See, CH, Abd-Alhameed, RA and Limiti, E (2019) Mutual-coupling isolation using embedded metamaterial EM bandgap decoupling slab for densely packed array antennas. IEEE Access 7, 51827–51840.Google Scholar
Dash, JC and Sarkar, D (2022) A four-port CSRR-loaded dual-band MIMO antenna with suppressed higher order modes. IEEE Access 10, 30770–30778.Google Scholar
Ayatollahi, M, Rao, Q and Wang, D (2012) A compact, high isolation and wide bandwidth antenna array for long term evolution wireless devices. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 60(10), 4960–4963.Google Scholar
Chen, Y-S and Chang, C-P (2016) Design of a four-element multiple-input–multiple-output antenna for compact long-term evolution small-cell base stations. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation 10(4), 385–392.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Al-Hasan, M, Ben Mabrouk, I, Almajali, ERF, Nedil, M and Denidni, TA (2019) Hybrid isolator for mutual-coupling reduction in millimeter-wave MIMO antenna systems. IEEE Access 7, 58466–58474.Google Scholar
Dey, S and Koul, SK (2021) Isolation improvement of MIMO antenna using novel EBG and hair-pin shaped DGS at 5G millimeter wave band. IEEE Access 9, 162820–162834.Google Scholar
Islam, H, Das, S, Ali, T, Bose, T, Kumari, S, Prakash, O and Kumar, P (2022) Bandstop filter decoupling technique for miniaturized reconfigurable MIMO antenna. IEEE Access 10, 19060–19071.Google Scholar
Garg, P and Jain, P (2020) Isolation improvement of MIMO antenna using a novel flower shaped metamaterial absorber at 5.5 GHz WiMAX band. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 67(4), 675–679.Google Scholar
Dey, S, Sarma, D and Dey, S (2024) A miniaturized frequency selective dual band metamaterial absorber for mutual coupling reduction between microstrip Antennas. In IEEE Wireless Antenna and Microwave Symposium (WAMS), Visakhapatnam, India, pp. 1–5.Google Scholar
Dey, S, Keerthi, MS and Dey, S (2023) Broadband millimeter wave MIMO antennas at 28 GHz with low mutual coupling using frequency selective surface wall. In IEEE Microwaves, Antennas, and Propagation Conference (MAPCON), IEEE, Ahmedabad, India, 1–6.Google Scholar
Li, M, Jiang, L and Yeung, KL (2020) A general and systematic method to design neutralization lines for isolation enhancement in MIMO antenna arrays. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 69(6), 6242–6253.Google Scholar
Li, M and Cheung, S (2021) A novel calculation-based parasitic decoupling technique for increasing isolation in multiple-element MIMO antenna arrays. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 70(1), 446–458.Google Scholar
Wu, C-H, Chiu, C-L and Ma, T-G (2016) Very compact fully lumped decoupling network for a coupled two-element array. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 15, 158–161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hu, H-T, Chen, F-C and Chu, Q-X (2016) A compact directional slot antenna and its application in MIMO array. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 64(12), 5513–5517.Google Scholar
Sharma, Y, Sarkar, D, Saurav, K and Srivastava, KV (2017) Three-element MIMO antenna system with pattern and polarization diversity for WLAN applications. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 16, 1163–1166.Google Scholar
Xu, Z and Deng, C (2020) High-isolated MIMO antenna design based on pattern diversity for 5G mobile terminals. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 19(3), 467–471.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ding, CF, Zhang, XY, Xue, C-D and Sim, C-Y-D (2018) Novel pattern-diversity-based decoupling method and its application to multielement MIMO antenna. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 66(10), 4976–4985.Google Scholar
Dey, S, Vel, KS, Asok, AO and Dey, S (2022) Novel self isolated multiple input and multiple output antenna using pattern diversity method for 5.5 GHz WiMAX application. In Asia-Pacific Microw. Conf. (APMC), Yokohama, Japan, 399–401.Google Scholar
Zhao, A and Ren, Z (2019) Size reduction of self-isolated MIMO antenna system for 5G mobile phone applications. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 18(1), 152–156.Google Scholar
Li, Y, Sim, C-Y-D, Luo, Y and Yang, G (2019) High-isolation 3.5 GHz eight-antenna MIMO array using balanced open-slot antenna element for 5G smartphones. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 67(6), 3820–3830.Google Scholar
Ren, Z, Zhao, A and Wu, S (2019) MIMO antenna with compact decoupled antenna pairs for 5G mobile terminals. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 18(7), 1367–1371.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alja’afreh, SS, Altarawneh, B, Alshamaileh, MH, E’qab, RA, Hussain, R, Sharawi, MS, Xing, L and Xu, Q (2021) Ten antenna array using a small footprint capacitive-coupled-shorted loop antenna for 3.5 GHz 5G smartphone applications. IEEE Access 9, 33796–33810.Google Scholar
Sui, J and Huang, C (2022) Multi-element fully decoupled inverted-F antennas for mobile terminals. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 70(11), 10076–10085.Google Scholar
Sui, J, Dou, Y and Mei, X (2020) Self-curing decoupling technique for MIMO antenna arrays in mobile terminals. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 68(2), 838–849.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sui, J, Cheng, Y-F, Fang, X, Li, D, Zhu, X and Yuan, X (2024) A dual-band decoupling technique for MIMO antenna systems using composite capacitor circuits. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 71(1), 116–120.Google Scholar
Li, Y, Sim, C-Y-D, Luo, Y and Yang, G (2018) 12-port 5G massive MIMO antenna array in sub-6GHz mobile handset for LTE bands 42/43/46 applications. IEEE Access 6, 344–354.Google Scholar
Li, Y, Sim, C-Y-D, Luo, Y and Yang, G (2018) Multiband 10-antenna array for sub-6 GHz MIMO applications in 5-G smartphones. IEEE Access 6, 28041–28053.Google Scholar
Li, J et al. (2019) Dual-band eight-antenna array design for MIMO applications in 5G mobile terminals. IEEE Access 7, 71636–71644.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jiang, W, Cui, Y, Liu, B, Hu, W and Xi, Y (2019) A dual-band MIMO antenna with enhanced isolation for 5G smartphone applications. IEEE Access 7, 112554–112563.Google Scholar
Ren, Z and Zhao, A (2019) Dual-band MIMO antenna with compact self-decoupled antenna pairs for 5G mobile applications. IEEE Access 7, 82288–82296.Google Scholar
Serghiou, D, Khalily, M, Singh, V, Araghi, A and Tafazolli, R (2020) Sub-6 GHz dual-band 8 × 8 MIMO antenna for 5G smartphones. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 19(9), 1546–1550.Google Scholar
Guo, J, Cui, L, Li, C and Sun, B (2018) Side-edge frame printed eight-port dual-band antenna array for 5G smartphone applications. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 66(12), 7412–7417.Google Scholar
Zou, H, Li, Y, Sim, C-Y-D and Yang, G (2018) Design of 8 × 8 dual-band MIMO antenna array for 5G smartphone applications. International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering 28(9), .Google Scholar
Zou, H et al. (2019) Dual-functional MIMO antenna array with high isolation for 5G/WLAN applications in smartphones. IEEE Access 7, 167470–167480.Google Scholar
Wang, H, Zhang, R, Luo, Y and Yang, G (2020) Compact eight-element antenna array for triple-band MIMO operation in 5G mobile terminals. IEEE Access 8, 19433–19449.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pozar, DM (2012) Microwave Engineering, 4th Edn. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.Google Scholar
Thummaluru, SR, Ameen, M and Chaudhary, RK (2019) Four-p[ort MIMO cognitive radio system for midband 5G applications. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 67(8), 5634–5645.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sharawi, MS (2013) Printed multi-band MIMO antenna systems and their performance metrics [Wireless Corner]. IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine 55(5), 218–232.Google Scholar
Dey, S and Dey, S (2024) Wideband highly efficient eight element MIMO antenna using differential fed open end slot for sub-7 GHz 5G mobile handset applications. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 71(8), 3760–3764.Google Scholar