Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T21:12:05.290Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Comparison of measured rain attenuation and ITU-R predictions on experimental microwave links in Malaysia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 March 2011

Amuda Yusuf Abdulrahman*
Affiliation:
Wireless Communication Centre (WCC), Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia. Phone:  + 60132311015;  + 60196097007.
Tharek bin Abdulrahman
Affiliation:
Wireless Communication Centre (WCC), Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia. Phone:  + 60132311015;  + 60196097007.
Sharul Kamal bin Abdulrahim
Affiliation:
Wireless Communication Centre (WCC), Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia. Phone:  + 60132311015;  + 60196097007.
Ulaganathen Kesavan
Affiliation:
Wireless Communication Centre (WCC), Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia. Phone:  + 60132311015;  + 60196097007.
*
Corresponding author: A.Y. Abdulrahman Email: [email protected]

Abstract

This paper presents the results of direct rain attenuation measurements carried out on four experimental microwave links, installed at UTM, Malaysia. The links operate at frequencies of 15, 22, 26, and 38 GHz and the cumulative distribution function for different rain rates have been generated from the measured 4-year rain gauge data. The experimentally measured attenuation data have been compared with International Telecommunication Unior-R rain attenuation predictions; and it has been found that the latter have underestimated the measured values, especially at higher rain rates. The deviations have been modeled as a function of rain rate exceedances R%p. It is hoped that the study will provide useful information for estimation of rainfall attenuation on microwave links in tropical regions that have similar situation to Malaysia.

Type
Research Papers
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press and the European Microwave Association 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

[1]Ojo, J.S.; Ajewole, M.O.; Sarkar, S.K.: Rain rate and rain attenuation prediction for satellite communication in Ku and Ka bands over Nigeria. Progr. Electromagn. Res. B 5 (2008), 207223.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[2]Adimula, I.A.; Ajayi, G.O.: Variations in drop size distribution and specific attenuation due to rain in Nigeria. Ann. Telecommun. 51 (1/2) (1996), 8793.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[3]Final Reports on Rain Attenuation Studies for Communication Systems Operating in Tropical Regions (10/2000), Wireless Communication Research Laboratory, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.Google Scholar
[4]Panagopoulos, A.D.; Chatzarakis, G.E.: Outage performance of single/dual polarized fixed wireless access links in heavy rain climatic regions. J. Electromagn. Waves Appl. 21 (3) (2007), 283297.Google Scholar
[5]Ajayi, G.O., Ofoche, E.B.: Some tropical rainfall rate characteristics at Ile-Ife (Nigeria), for microwave and millimeter wave applications. J. Climate Appl. Meteorol. 23 (4) (1984), 562567.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[6]Abdulrahman, A.Y.; Rahman, T.A.; Rahim, S.K.A.; Ul Islam, M.R.: Empirically derived path reduction factor for terrestrial microwave links operating at 15 GHz in Peninsula Malaysia. J. Electromagn. Waves Appl. 25 (1) (2011), 2337.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[7]Recommendation ITU-R P. 530-12: Propagation data and prediction methods required for the design of terrestrial line-of-sight systems, 02/2007.Google Scholar
[8]Recommendation ITU-R P. 837-2: Characteristics of precipitation for propagation modeling, ITU-R P. Ser., ITU-R International Telecommunications Union, Geneva, Switzerland, 2003.Google Scholar
[9]COST 255, Final Document: Radio propagation modeling for new sitcom services at Ku-band and above, 2002.Google Scholar
[10]Ajayi, G.O.; Owolabi, I.E.; Adimula, I.A.: Rain induced depolarization from 1 GHz to 300 GHz in a tropical environment. Int. J. Infrared Millim. Waves 8 (2) (1987), 177197.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[11]Wei, Z.; Nader, M.: Use of various raindrop size distributions for different geographical locations in calculating the rain specific attenuation, Recommendation IEEE 802.16, 1999.Google Scholar
[12]Moupfouma, F.; Martin, L.: Modelling of the rainfall rate cumulative distribution for the design of satellite and terrestrial communication systems. Int. J. Satellite Commun. 13 (2) (1995), 105115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[13]Fidèle, Moupfouma: Electromagnetic waves attenuation due to rain–a prediction model for terrestrial or L.O.S SHF and EHF radio communication. J. Infrared Milli Terahz Waves 30 (2009), 622632.Google Scholar
[14]Choi, D.Y.: Rain attenuation prediction model by using the 1-hour rain rate without 1-minute rain rate conversion. Int. J. of Comput. Sci. Netw. Secur. 6 (3A) (2006), 130133.Google Scholar
[15]Fidèle, Moupfouma: More about rainfall rates and their prediction for radio systems engineering. IEE Proc. 134, (6 Pt. H.) (12/1987).Google Scholar
[16]Freeman, R.L.: Radio System Design for Telecommunication, 3rd ed.A Wiley Inter-science Publication, Wiley 2007. John Wiley & Sons Inc., San Francisco, CA 94103-1741, United States.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[17]Recommendation ITU-R P.838-3: Specific attenuation model for rain for use in prediction methods, 03/2005.Google Scholar
[18]Crane, R.K.: Rain attenuation models: attenuation by clouds and rain in Propagation Handbook for Wireless Communication System, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL USA 2003, 225280.Google Scholar
[19]Recommendation ITU-R P.311-13: Acquisition, presentation and analysis of data in studies of tropospheric propagation, 10/2009.Google Scholar