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Reconfigurable planar leaky wave antenna composed of rectangular conducting patches
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 21 March 2025
Abstract
A reconfigurable leaky-wave antenna and its application capable of electronically steering the beam within the entire hemisphere is presented. The original antenna is designed as a 1D array of conducting patches on a dielectric substrate coupled by varactors in series with interdigital capacitors. The beam of this antenna is driven by a DC bias that controls the capacitances of the varactor diodes over a frequency range from 8 to 8.2 GHz. Simulations showed a change in the direction of the main radiation pattern within 55° at 8 GHz by varying the varactor capacitances in the range of 0.1 to 1 pF. The maximum gain is 10 dBi and the side lobe level is -10 dB. The fabricated antenna sample operates at an applied DC voltage between 0 and 12 V, which corresponds to varactor capacitances controlled in the range of 1 to 0.15 pF. This gives a range of elevation angles equal to 40°. The application of the antenna in a reconfigurable star-type structure is proposed. The direction of the main lobe of the radiation pattern in azimuth is controlled by switching between the centrally excited eight antenna arrays using PIN diodes. The direction of radiation in elevation is controlled by the DC bias of the varactors of a particular array switched to “ON”. This complex beam steering throughout the hemisphere represents a novel character of the presented antenna. The antenna has a planar structure. Low-cost printed circuit board technology was used for its fabrication.
- Type
- Research Paper
- Information
- Copyright
- © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with The European Microwave Association.
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