Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-dh8gc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T06:21:35.492Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Highly compact wideband double-section rat-race hybrid with harmonic suppression using series and shunt stepped impedance transmission lines

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 August 2016

Kanaparthi V. Phani Kumar  and
S. S. Karthikeyan
Kanaparthi V. Phani Kumar*
Affiliation:
Department of Electronics Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing Kancheepuram, Chennai 600127 TN, India. Phone: +91 9789084959
S. S. Karthikeyan
Affiliation:
Department of Electronics Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing Kancheepuram, Chennai 600127 TN, India. Phone: +91 9789084959
*
Corresponding author: K.V. Phani Kumar Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

This paper presents the design of a size miniaturized and harmonic suppressed wideband double-section rat-race coupler (RRC). Series and shunt stepped-impedance transmission line units are proposed to replace the quarter wavelength transmission lines in the conventional design of wideband (50% fractional bandwidth) two-stage rat-race coupler. Design equations are derived using the lossless transmission line model. The proposed double-section RRC occupies only 14% area of the conventional coupler, with good return loss and isolation performances. In addition, the full-wave simulation and measured responses exhibit harmonic suppression up to at least fifth harmonic. The proposed design can be easily implemented using the standard printed circuit board etching process without any via-holes, bonding wires, and lumped elements, which make it very useful for wireless communication systems

Keywords

Passive components and circuitsModellingSimulation and characterizations of devices and circuitsWideband
Type
Research Papers
Information
International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies , Volume 9 , Issue 4 , May 2017 , pp. 797 - 803
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press and the European Microwave Association 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

[1] Pozar, D.M.: Microwave Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2005.Google Scholar
[2] Nie, W.; Luo, S.; Guo, Y.-X.; Fan, Y.: Miniaturized rat-race coupler with harmonic suppression. IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., 24 (2014), 754–756.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[3] Mondal, P.; Chakrabarty, A.: Design of miniaturized branch-line and rat-race hybrid couplers with harmonics suppression. IET Microw. Antennas Propag., 3 (2009), 109–116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[4] Song, W.; Deguchi, H.; Tsuji, M.: A harmonic suppression and size reduced rat-race hybrid coupler using dual coupled lines. IEICE Electron. Express, 9 (2012), 1083–1089.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[5] He, J.; Wang, B.-Z.: Compact rat-race ring coupler with meander high-impedance transmission line and port impedance matching. IET J. Eng., 1 (2015), 1–3.Google Scholar
[6] Awida, M.H.; Safwat, A.M.E.; El-Hennawy, H.: Compact rat-race hybrid coupler using meander space-filling curves. Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., 48 (2006), 606–609.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[7] Ang, K.S.; Leong, Y.C.; Lee, C.H.: A new class of multisection 180° hybrids based on cascadable hybrid-ring couplers. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., 50 (2002), 2147–2152.Google Scholar
[8] Chi, C.-H.; Chang, C.-Y.: A new class of wideband multisection 180° hybrid rings using vertically installed planar couplers. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., 54 (2006), 2478–2486.Google Scholar
[9] Sorocki, J.; Piekarz, I.; Wincza, K.; Gruszczynski, S.: Bandwidth improvement of rat-race couplers having left-handed transmission-line sections. Int. J. RF Microw. Comput.-Aided Eng., 24 (2014), 341–347.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[10] Gruszczynski, S.; Wincza, K.: Broadband rat-race couplers with coupled-line section and impedance transformers. IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., 22 (2012), 22–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[11] Taravati, S.: Miniaturized wide-band rat-race coupler. Int. J. RF Microw. Comput.-Aided Eng., 23 (2013), 675–681.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[12] Kim, Y.-G.; Song, S.-Y.; Kim, K.W.: A compact wideband ring coupler utilizing a pair of transitions for phase inversion. IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., 21 (2011), 25–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[13] Abbosh, A.M.: Planar out-of-phase power divider/combiner for wideband high power microwave applications. IEEE Trans. Compon. Packag. Manuf. Technol., 4 (2014), 465–471.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[14] Caillet, M.; Clénet, M.; Sharaiha, A.; Antar, Y.M.M.: A compact wide-band rat-race hybrid using microstrip lines. IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., 19 (2009), 191–193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[15] Jung, Y.-B.: Wideband branchline coupler using symmetrical four-strip interdigitated coupler. Electron. Lett., 50 (2014), 452–454.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[16] Mung, S.W.Y.; Chan, W.S.: Wideband microstrip rat-race hybrid with via-swap phase inverter. Electron. Lett., 50 (2014), 96–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[17] Riaan, F.; Johan, J.: A broad band 180° hybrid ring coupler using a microstrip-to-slotline inverter. Microwave and Opt. Technol. Lett., 57 (2015), 2164–2168.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[18] Mohyuddin, W.; Kim, Y.-G.; Woo, D.S.; Choi, H.C.; Kim, K.W.: A compact wideband ring mixer utilizing a pair of planar transitions for phase inversion. Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., 56 (2014), 1919–1922.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[19] Kuo, J.-T.; Wu, J.-S.; Chiou, Y.-C.: Miniaturized rat race coupler with suppression of spurious passband. IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., 17 (2007), 46–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[20] Sedighy, S.H.; Khalaj-Amirhosseini, M.: Compact Wilkinson power divider using stepped impedance transmission lines. J. Electromagn. Waves and Appl., 25 (2011), 1773–1782.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[21] Chin, K.-S.; Lin, K.-M.; Wei, Y.-H.; Tseng, T.-H.; Yang, Y.-J.: Compact dual-band branch-line and rat-race couplers with stepped-impedance-stub lines. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., 58 (2010), 1213–1221.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[22] Gómez-García, R.; Muñoz-Ferreras, J.-M.; Sánchez-Renedo, M.: Signal-interference stepped-impedance-line microstrip filters and application to duplexers. IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., 21 (2011), 421–423.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[23] Velidi, V.K.; Guntupalli, A.; Sanyal, S.: Compact tapped stepped impedance open stub dual-band bandstop filters with sharp rejection characteristics. Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., 51 (2009), 2274–2277.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[24] Velidi, V.K.; Patel, B.; Sanyal, S.: Harmonic suppressed compact wideband branch-line coupler using unequal length open-stub units. International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, 21 (2011), 115–119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[25] Muracuchi, M.; Yukitake, T.; Naito, Y.: Optimum design of 3-dB branch-line couplers using microstrip lines. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 31 (1983), 674–678.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[26] Barik, R.K.; Phani Kumar, K.V.; Karthikeyan, S.S.: Compact wideband 3 dB branch line coupler with multiple symmetric PI section, in European Microwave Conference (EuMC), Paris, 2015, 275–278.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[27] Phani Kumar, K.V.; Barik, R.K.; Karthikeyan, S.S.: A novel two section branch line coupler employing different transmission line techniques. AEU-Int. J. Electron. Commun., 70 (2016), 738–742.CrossRefGoogle Scholar