This article proposes a combined theoretical and experimental approach to assess andquantify the global uncertainty of a high-speed camera velocity measurement. The study isdivided in five sections: firstly, different sources of measurement uncertaintiesperformed by a high-speed camera are identified and quantified. They consist ofgeometrical uncertainties, pixel discretisation uncertainties or optical uncertainties.Secondly, a global uncertainty factor, taking into account the previously identifiedsources of uncertainties, is computed. Thirdly, a sensibility study of the camera set-upparameters is performed, allowing the experimenter to optimize these parameters in orderto minimize the final uncertainties. Fourthly, the theoretical computed uncertainty iscompared with experimental measurements. Good concordance has been found. Finally, thevelocity measurement uncertainty study is extended to continuous displacement measurementsas a function of time. The purpose of this article is to propose all the mathematicaltools necessary to quantify the individual and global uncertainties, to highlight theimportant aspects of the experimental set-up, and to give recommendations on how toimprove a specific set-up in order to minimize the global uncertainty. Taking all theseinto account, it has been shown that highly dynamic phenomena such as a ballisticphenomenon can be measured using a high-speed camera with a global uncertainty of lessthan 2%.