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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 February 2019
The first major legally binding international nuclear safety convention was adopted at the conclusion of a diplomatic conference held at the headquarters of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in Vienna, June 14-17, 1994. The draft convention had been developed by a group of legal and technical experts from more than 50 countries in the period since 1991 when the Agency's General Conference expressed support for the idea of such a convention. With the fall of communism in the former Soviet bloc, potential safety risks in aging reactors in that region were exposed. States that become parties to the new Convention will bind themselves to a number of important safety rules and accept the obligation of reporting to and participating in periodic peer review meetings to verify the implementation of the treaty obligations. The interval between review meetings is not to exceed three years, and reports of the meetings are to be made public through a document treating the issues discussed and conclusions reached during a session (articles 21 and 25).