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Desert cyanobacteria under space and planetary simulations: a tool for searching for life beyond Earth and supporting human space exploration

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 September 2018

Daniela Billi Open the ORCID record for Daniela Billi [Opens in a new window]
Daniela Billi*
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, s.n.c 00133 Rome, Italy
*
Author for correspondence: Daniela Billi, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

The astonishing capability of life to adapt to extreme conditions has provided a new perspective on what ‘habitable’ means. On Earth extremophiles thrive in hostile habitats, such as hot and cold deserts or Antarctic sub-glacial lakes considered as Earth analogues of Mars and icy moons of Jupiter and Saturn. Recently desert cyanobacteria were exposed to ground-based simulations of space and Martian conditions and to real space and Martian conditions simulated in low Earth orbit using facilities attached outside the International Space Station. When exposure to such conditions does not exceed repair capabilities, more data are available regarding the physico-chemical constraints that life can withstand. When the accumulated damage exceeds the survival potential, the persistence of biomarkers contributes to the search for life elsewhere. Knowledge concerning the endurance of desert cyanobacteria under space and Martian conditions contributes to the development of life support systems.

Keywords

Chroococcidiopsisdesiccation tolerancedesert cyanobacterialife supportlow Earth orbitMars-like conditionsradiation tolerancespace exposurespace synthetic biology
Type
Review Article
Information
International Journal of Astrobiology , Volume 18 , Issue 5 , October 2019 , pp. 483 - 489
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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