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MODERNITY AND NATION-MAKING IN INDIA, TURKEY AND IRAN

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 January 2012

Tadd Graham Fernée
Tadd Graham Fernée
Affiliation:
New York University. E-mail [email protected]
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Abstract

This essay compares nation-making in India, Turkey and Iran through differing visions of modernity and Enlightenment as temporal horizons. The comparison is traced through the Islamic Triumvirate (Ottoman, Safavid and Mughal empires) focused upon the Mughal Emperor Akbar's multi-religious experiment in early modern empire consolidation. The essay then analyses the national independence movements which defined – through either violent or non-violent practice, direct seizure of state power or civil society transformation – the post-independence political formations of India, Turkey and Iran between democracy and authoritarianism. As ideal types, these experiences constitute two distinctive temporal horizons: the movement (involving the masses in nation-making as a multi-centred process) and the programme (nation-making from above employing a blueprint of rupture). The political tradition being highlighted is nation-making based upon an ethic of reconciliation over totality. This tradition links development and public freedom in creating a democratic society.

Keywords

Nation-makingmodernizationmass movementsIndiaIranTurkeyearly modern historytwentieth century
Type
Research Article
Information
International Journal of Asian Studies , Volume 9 , Issue 1 , January 2012 , pp. 71 - 97
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

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