Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T08:30:36.207Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Some Geodetic Aspects of the Plate Tectonics Hypothesis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 April 2016

Kurt Lambeck*
Affiliation:
Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra 2600 Australia

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Geodetic observations of gravity, body tides, the Earth’s rotation and crustal motion and deformation potentially provide important constraints in the general inversion of geophysical data for determining the structure and evolution of the Earth. More specifically, the geodetic data provide constraints on the rheology of the planet in the frequency range intermediate between geological and seismic frequencies, on the geologically instantaneous kinematics of the Earth and on the mechanisms responsible for the motions within the Earth, results that are intimately related to the plate tectonics hypothesis. The discussion is limited here to only a few aspects of these “geodetic” aspects of this hypothesis, including deformation along plate boundaries, intraplate tectonics and vertical motions.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Reidel 1981

References

1 Kaula, W.M. 1978. Rept. No.280, Ohio State Univ., Dept.Geod.Sc. 345351.Google Scholar
2 Tennyson, A. Lord 1850. In Memoriam, sections 123128.Google Scholar
3 Lyell, C. 1830. Principles of Geology 1. John Murray, London.Google Scholar
4 Lambeck, K. 1980. The Earth’s Variable Rotation. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
5 Melchior, P. 1978. The Tides of the Planet Earth. Pergamon Press, Oxford.Google Scholar
6 Mather, R.S., Coleman, R. and Hirsch, B. 1980. J.Phys.Ocean. 10, 171185. Coleman, R. 1980. Marine Geodesy (in press). Wunsch, C. and Gaposchkin, E.M. 1980: Rev.Geophy. & Space Phys. 18, 4, 725745.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7 LePichon, X. J. Francheteau and Bonnin, J. 1973. Plate Tectonics. Elsevier, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
8 Lomnitz, C. 1970. Geol.Rundschau 59, 938960.Google Scholar
Plafker, G. 1976. J.Geophys. Res. 81, 30918.Google Scholar
Imamura, A. 1928. Jap.J.Astron.Geophys. 6, 11937.Google Scholar
Ando, M. 1975. Tectonophysics 27, 11940.Google Scholar
9 Applications of Space Technology to Crustal Dynamics and Earthquake Research (or In Search of a Justification of a Space Program?) NASA Technical Paper 1464, 1979.Google Scholar
10 Based on Minster, J.B. and Jordan’s, T.H. reconstruction (Geophys.Res. 83, 533154 1978).Google Scholar
11 Richardson, R.M., Solomon, S.C. and Sleep, N.H. 1979. Rev.Geophys. Space Phys. 17, 9811019.Google Scholar
Davies, G.F. 1978. Geophys.Res. Lett. 5, 1614.Google Scholar
Richardson, R.M. 1976. J.Geophys.Res. 81, 184756.Google Scholar
12 Goldreich, P. and Toomre, A. 1969. J.Geophys.Res., 74, 255567.Google Scholar
13 Wilson, J.T. 1963. Nature, 197, 5367.Google Scholar
Morgan, W.J. 1971. Nature, 230, 423.Google Scholar
Minster, J.B., Jordan, T.H., Molnar, P. and Haines, E. 1974. Geophys.J., 36, 54176.Google Scholar
14 McDougal, I. and Duncan, R.A. 1980. Tectonophysics, 63, 27595.Google Scholar
Burke, K., Kidd, W.S.F. and Wilson, J.T. 1973. Nature, 245, 1337.Google Scholar
Molnar, P. and Francheteau, J. 1975. Geophys.J., 43, 76374.Google Scholar
15 Minster, et al. 1974 (loc.cit., note 10).Google Scholar
Kaula, W.M. 1975. J.Geophys.Res., 80, 2448.Google Scholar
Solomon, S.C. and Sleep, N.H. 1974. J.Geophys.Res., 79, 255767.Google Scholar
16 Gutenberg, B. and Richter, C.F. 1954. Seismicity of the Earth, Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Brune, J.N. 1968. J.Geophys.Res., 73, 77784.Google Scholar
17 Kanamori, H. 1977. Island Arcs, Deep Sea Trenches and Back-Arc Basins, Am.Geophys.Union, Maurice Ewing Series Vol.1, 163173.Google Scholar
18 Anderson, D.L. 1975. Science, 187, 10771079.Google Scholar
19 Mogi, K. 1968. Bull.Earthquake Inst., 46, 5374.Google Scholar
Imamura, A. 1946. Proc.Acad.Japan, 22, 284288.Google Scholar
Terada, T. and Miyabe, N. 1928. Bull.Earthquake Inst., 6, 333343.Google Scholar
Chinnery, M.A. and Landers, T.E. 1975. Nature, 258, 490493.Google Scholar
20 Bott, M.H.P. and Dean, D.S. 1971. Nature, 243, 339341.Google Scholar
21 Hales, A.L. Earth Planet Sc.Lett. 6, 314. Richardson, et al. (loc.cit, note 11)Google Scholar
22 Hanks, T.C. 1971. Geophys.J., 23, 17389.Google Scholar
Forsyth, D.W. 1979. Rev.Geophys.Space Phys., 17, 110914.Google Scholar
23 Kanamori, H. 1971. Tectonophysics, 12, 187198.Google Scholar
24 Imamura, A. 1930. Publ.Imp.Earthquake Inv.Comm. 25.Google Scholar
Tsuboi, C. 1933. Jap.J.Astron.Geophys., 10, 93248.Google Scholar
Scholz, C.H. 1972. Tectonophysics, 14, 201217.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fitch, T.J. and Scholz, C.H. 1971. J.Geophys.Res., 76, 726092.Google Scholar
25 Chen, W.P. and Molnar, P. 1977. J.Geophys.Res., 82, 294569.Google Scholar
26 Thatcher, W. 1979. J. Geophys.Res. 84, 228395.Google Scholar
27 Kanamori, H. and Cipar, J.J. (Phys.Earth Planet.Int., 9, 12836, 1974) observed a slow deformation over a period of about 15 minutes in the epicentral area prior to the major shock of the 1960 Chili event. Other evidence for the “silent” events is very limited Dziewonski, A.M. and Gilbert, F. (Nature 247, 1858, 1974) have reported stress release just before two deep events and Thatcher, W. (Science 184, 12835) finds aseismic slip associated with the 1906 San Francisco earthquake.Google Scholar
28 Molnar, P. and Tapponnier, P. 1975. Science, 189, 41926.Google Scholar
29 Atwater, T. 1970. Bull.Geol.Soc.Am., 81, 351336.Google Scholar
30 See, for example, papers in some of the early volumes of the Bulletin of the Earthquake Institute of Japan.Google Scholar
31 See, for example, some of the conflicting conclusions reached about strain accumulation in Southern California by Thatcher, W. (Science 194, 691695, 1976 and loc.cit. note 26) and Savage, J.C. and Prescott, W.H. (J.Geophys.Res. 84, 171177, 1979).Google Scholar
32 Nur, A. and Mavko, G. 1974. Science, 183, 2045.Google Scholar
Fitch, T.J. and Scholz, C.H. 1971. J.Geophys.Res., 76, 726092.Google Scholar
Thatcher, W. (loc. cit.)Google Scholar
33 Savage, J.C. and Prescott, W.H. 1978. J.Geophys.Res., 83, 336976.Google Scholar
Rundle, J.B. and Jackson, D.D. 1977. Pure Applied Geophys., 115, 401411.Google Scholar
34 Turcotte, D.L. and E.R. Oxburgh, 1973. Nature, 244, 3379.Google Scholar
35 See, the recent journal volumes devoted to the state of stress in the crust such as Pure and Applied Geophysics Vol.115, No.1-2, 1977 and the Journal of Geophysical Research 85, (in press) 1980.Google Scholar
36 Sbar, M.L. and Sykes, L.R. 1973. Geol.Soc.Am.Bull., 84, 186182.Google Scholar
37 Fitch, T.J., M.H. Worthington and I.B. Everingham 1973. Earth Planet. Sci.Lett., 18, 345356.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Denham, D., Alexander, L.G. and Worotnicki, G. 1979. J.Aust.Geol. Geophys., 4, 28995.Google Scholar
38 Sykes, L.R. 1978. Rev.Geophys.Space Phys., 16, 621688.Google Scholar
Illies, J.H. and Greiner, G. 1978. Tectonophysics, 52, 349359.Google Scholar
39 Brown, D.A., Campbell, K.S.W. and Crook, K.A.W. 1968. The Geological Evolution of the Australian Continent, Pergamon Press, Sydney.Google Scholar
40 Artyushkov, E.V., 1978. Geodinamita., V.V. Beloussov, , Trans.Am.Geophys. Un., 60, 207211.Google Scholar
41 See, for example, Scholz, C.H. and Kato, T. 1978. J.Geophys.Res., 83, 783797.Google Scholar
42 Castle, R.O., Church, J.P. and Elliott, M.R. 1976. Science, 192, 2513.Google Scholar
43 Andrews, J.T. (ed). Glacial Isostasy, Dowden, Hutchinson and Ross (1974).Google Scholar
44 Cathless, L.M. 1975. The Viscosity of the Earth’s Mantle. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Peltier, W.R. and Andrews, J.T. 1976. Geophys.J., 46, 60546.Google Scholar
45 Crittenden, M.D. 1967. J.Geophys.Res. 68, 551730. Geophys.J., 14, 26179.Google Scholar
46 Einarsson, T. 1966. Jokoll, 3, 15766.Google Scholar
47 Moore, J.G. 1970. Bull.Volcan., 34, 56276.Google Scholar
48 Lambeck, K. and Nakiboglu, S.M. 1980. Submitted to J.Geophys.Res. Google Scholar
49 Courtillot, V.E. 1980. Phys.Earth Planet.Int., 21, 34350.Google Scholar
Daignieres, M., Courtillot, V.E., Bayer, R. and Tapponnier, P. 1975. Earth Planet.Sc.Lett., 26, 22232.Google Scholar
Ruegg, J.C. 1975. Ann.Geophys., 31, 32960.Google Scholar