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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 06 September 2019
The remarks in this talk will apply only to chromospheres of comparatively late type stars which have significant convective envelopes. This is not to imply that mechanical heating does not occur in other stars, but only that, to the best of my knowledge, little or no satisfactory progress in applying mechanical heating theories to the outer atmospheres of non-solar type stars (without convective envelopes) has been made. Indeed, practically all of the progress that has occurred has been in solar work, so most of my remarks will pertain to the Sun.
The serious work on solar atmospheric heating began in the late 1940's and, since then, has included treatments of wave modes which might be involved and the development of observational techniques to detect them.