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Estimating Solar Forcing of Climate Change during the Maunder Minimum

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 April 2016

Judith Lean ,
Andrew Skumanich ,
Oran R. White  and
David Rind
Judith Lean
Affiliation:
Naval Research Laboratory, Washington DC, 20375, USA
Andrew Skumanich
Affiliation:
High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
Oran R. White
Affiliation:
High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
David Rind
Affiliation:
Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, NY 10025, USA

Abstract

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Solar variability models which account for contemporary irradiance variations in terms of modulation by dark sunspots and bright faculae on the solar disk are used to estimate solar radiative output during the Maunder Minimum by postulating the absence of such sources, and additional reduction in the basal solar emission. When the resultant irradiance reduction of 0.25% relative to contemporary mean levels is input to the GISS GCM, the global mean temperature is reduced by 0.46°C. However, as a result of differential heating of the land and oceans, some regions may cool, and others warm, by as much 1°C, in response to the reduced solar irradiance.

Type
Empirical Models of Solar Total and Spectral Irradiance Variability
Information
International Astronomical Union Colloquium , Volume 143: The Sun as a Variable Star: Solar and Stellar Irradiance Variations , 1994 , pp. 236 - 243
Copyright
Copyright © Kluwer 1994

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